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Table des matières
Version : 2024.01
Last update : 2024/11/11 14:16
RH12407 - Package Management
Contents
- RH12407 - Package Management
- Contents
- LAB #1 - The rpm command
- 1.1 - Configuration
- 1.2 - Using the rpm command
- LAB #2 - The dnf command
- 2.1 - Overview
- 2.2 - Configuration
- 2.3 - Repositories
- 2.4 - Searching for Packages
- 2.5 - Getting Package Information and Downloading Packages
- 2.6 - Installing a package
- 2.7 - Updating Packages
- 2.8 - Deleting packages
- 2.9 - The dnf history
- 2.10 - The Application Stream Repository
- LAB #3 - Shared Libraries
- 3.1 - Introduction
- Storage
- ld-linux.so.2
- 3.2 - The ldd command
- 3.3 - The /etc/ld.so.conf file
- 3.4 - The ldconfig command
=====LAB #1 - The rpm===== command
In order to facilitate the installation, uninstallation and management of software (called packages), CentOS and Red Hat use a specific installable software file format. This is called RPM for Red Hat Package Manager. The command used to manipulate these packages is also called rpm.
The rpm command switches are:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm --help
Usage: rpm [OPTION...]
Query/Verify package selection options:
-a, --all query/verify all packages
-f, --file query/verify package(s) owning installed file
--path query/verify package(s) owning path, installed or not
-g, --group query/verify package(s) in group
-p, --package query/verify a package file
--pkgid query/verify package(s) with package identifier
--hdrid query/verify package(s) with header identifier
--triggeredby query the package(s) triggered by the package
--whatconflicts query/verify the package(s) which conflict with a dependency
--whatrequires query/verify the package(s) which require a dependency
--whatobsoletes query/verify the package(s) which obsolete a dependency
--whatprovides query/verify the package(s) which provide a dependency
--whatrecommends query/verify the package(s) which recommends a dependency
--whatsuggests query/verify the package(s) which suggests a dependency
--whatsupplements query/verify the package(s) which supplements a dependency
--whatenhances query/verify the package(s) which enhances a dependency
--nomanifest do not process non-package files as manifests
Query/Verify file selection options:
-c, --configfiles only include configuration files
-d, --docfiles only include documentation files
-L, --licensefiles only include license files
-A, --artifactfiles only include artifact files
--noghost exclude %%ghost files
--noconfig exclude %%config files
--noartifact exclude %%artifact files
Query options (with -q or --query):
--dump dump basic file information
-l, --list list files in package
--queryformat=QUERYFORMAT use the following query format
-s, --state display the states of the listed files
Verify options (with -V or --verify):
--nofiledigest don't verify digest of files
--nofiles don't verify files in package
--nodeps don't verify package dependencies
--noscript don't execute verify script(s)
Install/Upgrade/Erase options:
--allfiles install all files, even configurations which might otherwise be skipped
--allmatches remove all packages which match <package> (normally an error is generated if <package> specified multiple packages)
--badreloc relocate files in non-relocatable package
-e, --erase=<package>+ erase (uninstall) package
--excludedocs do not install documentation
--excludepath=<path> skip files with leading component <path>
--force short hand for --replacepkgs --replacefiles
-F, --freshen=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s) if already installed
-h, --hash print hash marks as package installs (good with -v)
--ignorearch don't verify package architecture
--ignoreos don't verify package operating system
--ignoresize don't check disk space before installing
--noverify short hand for --ignorepayload --ignoresignature
-i, --install install package(s)
--justdb update the database, but do not modify the filesystem
--nodeps do not verify package dependencies
--nofiledigest don't verify digest of files
--nocontexts don't install file security contexts
--nocaps don't install file capabilities
--noorder do not reorder package installation to satisfy dependencies
--noscripts do not execute package scriptlet(s)
--notriggers do not execute any scriptlet(s) triggered by this package
--oldpackage upgrade to an old version of the package (--force on upgrades does this automatically)
--percent print percentages as package installs
--prefix=<dir> relocate the package to <dir>, if relocatable
--relocate=<old>=<new> relocate files from path <old> to <new>
--replacefiles ignore file conflicts between packages
--replacepkgs reinstall if the package is already present
--test don't install, but tell if it would work or not
-U, --upgrade=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s)
--reinstall=<packagefile>+ reinstall package(s)
Common options for all rpm modes and executables:
-D, --define=‘MACRO EXPR’ define MACRO with value EXPR
--undefine=MACRO undefine MACRO
-E, --eval=‘EXPR’ print macro expansion of EXPR
--target=CPU-VENDOR-OS Specify target platform
--macros=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s)
--load=<FILE> load a single macro file
--noplugins don't enable any plugins
--nodigest don't verify package digest(s)
--nosignature don't verify package signature(s)
--rcfile=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s)
-r, --root=ROOT use ROOT as top level directory (default: ‘/’)
--dbpath=DIRECTORY use database in DIRECTORY
--querytags display known query tags
--showrc display final rpmrc and macro configuration
--quiet provide less detailed output
-v, --verbose provide more detailed output
--version print the version of rpm being used
Options implemented via popt alias/exec:
--scripts list install/erase scriptlets from package(s)
--setperms set permissions of files in a package
--setugids set user/group ownership of files in a package
--setcaps set capabilities of files in a package
--restore restore file/directory permissions
--conflicts list capabilities this package conflicts with
--obsoletes list other packages removed by installing this package
--provides list capabilities that this package provides
--requires list capabilities required by package(s)
--recommends list capabilities recommended by package(s)
--suggests list capabilities suggested by package(s)
--supplements list capabilities supplemented by package(s)
--enhances list capabilities enhanced by package(s)
--info list descriptive information from package(s)
--changelog list change logs for this package
--changes list changes for this package with full time stamps
--xml list metadata in xml
--triggers list trigger scriptlets from package(s)
--filetriggers list filetrigger scriptlets from package(s)
--last list package(s) by install time, most recent first
--dupes list duplicated packages
--filesbypkg list all files from each package
--fileclass list file names with their classes
--filecolor list file names with their colors
--fileprovide list file names with their provides
--filerequire list file names with requires
--filecaps list file names with their POSIX1.e capabilities
Help options:
-?, --help Show this help message
--usage Display brief usage message
1.1 - Configuration
The main configuration file for the rpm command is /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc :
[root@redhat9 ~]# more /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc #/*! \page config_rpmrc Default configuration: /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc # \verbatim # # This is a global RPM configuration file. All changes made here will # be lost when the rpm package is upgraded. Any per-system configuration # should be added to /etc/rpmrc, while per-user configuration should # be added to ~/.rpmrc. # ############################################################# # Values for RPM_OPT_FLAGS for various platforms # ‘fat’ binary with both archs, for Darwin optflags: fat -O2 -g -arch i386 -arch ppc optflags: i386 -O2 -g -march=i386 -mtune=i686 optflags: i486 -O2 -g -march=i486 optflags: i586 -O2 -g -march=i586 optflags: i686 -O2 -g -march=i686 optflags: pentium3 -O2 -g -march=pentium3 optflags: pentium4 -O2 -g -march=pentium4 optflags: athlon -O2 -g -march=athlon optflags: geode -Os -g -m32 -march=geode optflags: ia64 -O2 -g optflags: x86_64 -O2 -g optflags: amd64 -O2 -g optflags: ia32e -O2 -g optflags: alpha -O2 -g -mieee optflags: alphaev5 -O2 -g -mieee -mtune=ev5 optflags: alphaev56 -O2 -g -mieee -mtune=ev56 optflags: alphapca56 -O2 -g -mieee -mtune=pca56 optflags: alphaev6 -O2 -g -mieee -mtune=ev6 optflags: alphaev67 -O2 -g -mieee -mtune=ev67 optflags: sparc -O2 -g -m32 -mtune=ultrasparc optflags: sparcv8 -O2 -g -m32 -mtune=ultrasparc -mv8 optflags: sparcv9 -O2 -g -m32 -mtune=ultrasparc optflags: sparcv9v -O2 -g -m32 -mtune=niagara optflags: sparc64 -O2 -g -m64 -mtune=ultrasparc optflags: sparc64v -O2 -g -m64 -mtune=niagara optflags: m68k -O2 -g -fomit-frame-pointer optflags: ppc -O2 -g optflags: ppc8260 -O2 -g optflags: ppc8560 -O2 -g optflags: ppc32dy4 -O2 -g optflags: ppciseries -O2 -g optflags: ppcpseries -O2 -g optflags: ppc64 -O2 -g optflags: ppc64le -O2 -g optflags: ppc64p7 -O3 -mtune=power7 -mcpu=power7 -g optflags: parisc -O2 -g -mpa-risc-1-0 optflags: hppa1.0 -O2 -g -mpa-risc-1-0 --More--(10%) [q]
These directives indicate how to optimise the build of an rpm according to the processor type returned by the uname -p command. For example, the buildarchtranslate: athlon: i386 directive indicates that the process should use i386 optimisations when building a src.rpm on a athlon architecture. If, on the other hand, you want the athlon optimisations to be used, you should include the buildarchtranslate: athlon: athlon line in the /etc/rpmrc file. When the rpm package is updated, the /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc file is overwritten. Any changes to the directives in this file must be written to /etc/rpmrc or to a user-specific ~/.rpmrc file.
1.2 - Usage
In order to find out the list of packages installed on the machine, the following command should be entered in a console as root:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -qa | more fonts-filesystem-2.0.5-7.el9.1.noarch xkeyboard-config-2.33-2.el9.noarch abattis-cantarell-fonts-0.301-4.el9.noarch yelp-xsl-40.2-1.el9.noarch mozilla-filesystem-1.9-30.el9.x86_64 google-noto-fonts-common-20201206-4.el9.noarch foomatic-db-filesystem-4.0-72.20210209.el9.noarch adobe-mappings-cmap-20171205-12.el9.noarch subscription-manager-rhsm-certificates-20220623-1.el9.noarch libreport-filesystem-2.15.2-6.el9.noarch adobe-mappings-cmap-deprecated-20171205-12.el9.noarch adobe-source-code-pro-fonts-2.030.1.050-12.el9.1.noarch dejavu-without-mono-fonts-2.37-18.el9.noarch dejavu-without-fonts-2.37-18.el9.noarch langpacks-core-font-en-3.0-16.el9.noarch google-droid-sans-fonts-20200215-11.el9.2.noarch thai-scalable-fonts-common-0.7.2-5.el9.noarch redhat-indexhtml-9-4.el9_2.noarch poppler-data-0.4.9-9.el9.noarch mobile-broadband-provider-info-20210805-2.el9.noarch man-pages-overrides-9.0.0.0-1.el9.noarch hunspell-filesystem-1.7.0-11.el9.x86_64 hplip-common-3.21.2-6.el9.x86_64 gawk-all-langpacks-5.1.0-6.el9.x86_64 adwaita-cursor-theme-40.1.1-3.el9.noarch adobe-mappings-pdf-20180407-10.el9.noarch vim-filesystem-8.2.2637-20.el9_1.noarch rhsm-icons-6-1.el9.noarch filesystem-3.16-2.el9.x86_64 urw-base35-fonts-common-20200910-6.el9.noarch basesystem-11-13.el9.noarch quota-nls-4.06-6.el9.noarch publicsuffix-list-dafsa-20210518-3.el9.noarch pkgconf-m4-1.7.3-10.el9.noarch popt-1.18-8.el9.x86_64 xz-libs-5.2.5-8.el9_0.x86_64 libxcrypt-4.4.18-3.el9.x86_64 bzip2-libs-1.0.8-8.el9.x86_64 libzstd-1.5.1-2.el9.x86_64 libpng-1.6.37-12.el9.x86_64 libcap-ng-0.8.2-7.el9.x86_64 libicu-67.1-9.el9.x86_64 libunistring-0.9.10-15.el9.x86_64 libgpg-error-1.42-5.el9.x86_64 libseccomp-2.5.2-2.el9.x86_64 lcms2-2.12-3.el9.x86_64 readline-8.1-4.el9.x86_64 libwayland-client-1.21.0-1.el9.x86_64 libwayland-server-1.21.0-1.el9.x86_64 jansson-2.14-1.el9.x86_64 libxkbcommon-1.0.3-4.el9.x86_64 libwayland-egl-1.21.0-1.el9.x86_64 keyutils-libs-1.6.3-1.el9.x86_64 libdhash-0.5.0-53.el9.x86_64 libXau-1.0.9-8.el9.x86_64 --More-- [q]
To find out the total number of packages installed on the machine, use the following command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -qa | wc -l 1218
Now let's imagine that you want to check whether a package containing the string setup is already installed on the machine. In this case, you would use a command such as the following:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -qa | grep setup gnome-initial-setup-40.4-3.el9.x86_64 setup-2.13.7-10.el9.noarch python3-setuptools-wheel-53.0.0-12.el9_4.1.noarch python3-setuptools-53.0.0-12.el9_4.1.noarch cryptsetup-libs-2.6.0-3.el9.x86_64 cryptsetup-2.6.0-3.el9.x86_64 ibus-setup-1.5.25-5.el9.noarch
To find out the details of the setup-2.13.7-10.el9.noarch package, enter the following command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -qi setup Name: setup Version : 2.13.7 Release: 10.el9 Architecture: noarch Install Date: Wed 25 Sep 2024 11:52:00 AM CEST Group : System Environment/Base Size : 725932 License : Public Domain Signature : RSA/SHA256, Wed 14 Feb 2024 11:15:37 AM CET, Key ID 199e2f91fd431d51 Source RPM : setup-2.13.7-10.el9.src.rpm Build Date: Wed 07 Feb 2024 09:44:23 AM CET Build Host : x86-64-01.build.eng.rdu2.redhat.com Packager : Red Hat, Inc <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla> Vendor: Red Hat, Inc. URL: https://pagure.io/setup/ Summary : A set of system configuration and setup files Description : The setup package contains a set of important system configuration and setup files, such as passwd, group, and profile.
To list all the files installed by the relevant package, use the following command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -ql setup /etc/aliases /etc/bashrc /etc/csh.cshrc /etc/csh.login /etc/dnf/protected.d/setup.conf /etc/environment /etc/ethertypes /etc/exports /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab /etc/group /etc/gshadow /etc/host.conf /etc/hosts /etc/inputrc /etc/motd /etc/motd.d /etc/networks /etc/passwd /etc/printcap /etc/profile /etc/profile.d /etc/profile.d/csh.local /etc/profile.d/lang.csh /etc/profile.d/lang.sh /etc/profile.d/sh.local /etc/protocols /etc/services /etc/shadow /etc/shells /etc/subgid /etc/subuid /run/motd /run/motd.d /usr/lib/motd /usr/lib/motd.d /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/setup.conf /usr/share/doc/setup /usr/share/doc/setup/uidgid /usr/share/licenses/setup /usr/share/licenses/setup/COPYING
Conversely, if you know the name of a file and you want to know which package installed it, use the following command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/exports setup-2.13.7-10.el9.noarch
To display only the configuration files installed by the package, use the -qc switches:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -qc setup /etc/aliases /etc/bashrc /etc/csh.cshrc /etc/csh.login /etc/environment /etc/ethertypes /etc/exports /etc/filesystems /etc/fstab /etc/group /etc/gshadow /etc/host.conf /etc/hosts /etc/inputrc /etc/motd /etc/networks /etc/passwd /etc/printcap /etc/profile /etc/profile.d/csh.local /etc/profile.d/sh.local /etc/protocols /etc/services /etc/shadow /etc/shells /etc/subgid /etc/subuid /run/motd /usr/lib/motd
To display only the documentation files installed by the package, use the -qd switches:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -qd setup /usr/share/doc/setup/uidgid
To display only installed scripts that run before or after the package is installed, use the -q and –scripts switches:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -q --scripts setup
postinstall scriptlet (using <lua>):
for i, name in ipairs({‘passwd’, ‘shadow’, ‘group’, ‘gshadow’}) do
os.remove(‘/etc/’..name..‘.rpmnew’)
end
if posix.access(‘/usr/bin/newaliases’, ‘x’) then
os.execute(‘/usr/bin/newaliases >/dev/null’)
end
To view the package change log, use the -q and –changelog switches:
[root@redhat9 ~]# rpm -q --changelog setup * Wed Feb 07 2024 Martin Osvald <mosvald@redhat.com> - 2.13.7-10 - csh.login: Add csh.local into foreach loop (RHEL-17226) * Wed Dec 21 2022 Martin Osvald <mosvald@redhat.com> - 2.13.7-9 - make setup protected package (#2155529) * Thu Nov 24 2022 Martin Osvald <mosvald@redhat.com> - 2.13.7-8 - Set default umask for non-login shell only if it is set to 0 (#2062601) * Mon May 09 2022 Martin Osvald <mosvald@redhat.com> - 2.13.7-7 - Move /var/log/lastlog ownership to systemd (#2066753) - tcsh sets variable p to /usr/sbin from /etc/csh.login (#2066767) - bashrc: Don't set up VTE-specific PROMPT_COMMAND (#2026892)
To find out which files have changed since a package was installed, use the -qV switches, for example :
# rpm -qV setup .M....G... g /var/log/lastlog
If no files have been modified, the console displays nothing. If files have been modified, the system shows you, file by file, the modifications made according to the table below. For more information, use the man and info commands:
| Keyword | Description |
|---|---|
| 5 | MD5 Control |
| S | File size |
| L | Symbolic link |
| T | Modification date |
| D | Peripheral |
| U | Owner changed |
| G | Group changed |
| M | Permissions changed |
| ? | Unreadable file |
| Missing | File removed |
Important : An rpm package is a modified cpio file. To be able to extract the contents of a src.rpm and explore the tree structure used to build the package, use the command rpm2cpio package.src.rpm | cpio -i –make-directories
LAB #2 - The dnf command
2.1 - Overview
dnf is an abbreviation of Dandified YUM. Historically, RHEL has used Yellow dog Updater, Modified (Yum) as a package management utility. In RHEL 9, the yum command has been replaced by the dnf-3 command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# ls -l /usr/bin/yum lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 5 Oct 26 2023 /usr/bin/yum -> dnf-3 [root@redhat9 ~]# ls -l /usr/bin/dnf lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 5 Oct 26 2023 /usr/bin/dnf -> dnf-3 [root@redhat9 ~]# ls -l /usr/bin/dnf-3 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2094 Oct 26 2023 /usr/bin/dnf-3
The dnf command provides the following improvements over the yum command:
- faster dependency resolution using less memory,
- operation in Python 2 and Python 3 environments.
Note that :
- using the dnf command is similar to using the yum command,
- dnf and yum commands can coexist on the same system.
Using the dnf alias of the dnf-3 command takes the following form:
# dnf <switches> <command> <package(s)> [Enter]
The switches and commands for dnf are:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf --help
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
usage: dnf [options] COMMAND
List of Main Commands:
aliases List or create command aliases
autoremove remove all unneeded packages that were originally installed as dependencies
check check for problems in the packagedb
check-update check for available package upgrades
clean remove cached data
deplist [deprecated, use repoquery --deplist] List package's dependencies and what packages provide them
distro-sync synchronize installed packages to the latest available versions
downgrade Downgrade a package
group display, or use, the groups information
help display a helpful usage message
history display, or use, the transaction history
info display details about a package or group of packages
install install a package or packages on your system
list list a package or groups of packages
makecache generate the metadata cache
mark mark or unmark installed packages as installed by user.
module Interact with Modules.
provides find what package provides the given value
reinstall reinstall a package
remove remove a package or packages from your system
repolist display the configured software repositories
repoquery search for packages matching keyword
repository-packages run commands on top of all packages in given repository
search search package details for the given string
shell run an interactive DNF shell
swap run an interactive DNF mod for remove and install one spec
updateinfo display advisories about packages
upgrade upgrade a package or packages on your system
upgrade-minimal upgrade, but only ‘newest’ package match which fixes a problem that affects your system
List of Plugin Commands:
builddep Install build dependencies for package or spec file
changelog Show changelog data of packages
config-manager manage dnf configuration options and repositories
copr Interact with Copr repositories.
debug-dump dump information about installed rpm packages to file
debug-restore restore packages recorded in debug-dump file
debuginfo-install install debuginfo packages
download Download package to current directory
groups-manager create and edit groups metadata file
kpatch Toggles automatic installation of kpatch-patch packages
needs-restarting determine updated binaries that need restarting
offline-distrosync Prepare offline distrosync of the system
offline-upgrade Prepare offline upgrade of the system
playground Interact with Playground repository.
repoclosure Display a list of unresolved dependencies for repositories
repodiff List differences between two sets of repositories
repograph Output a full package dependency graph in dot format
repomanage Manage a directory of rpm packages
reposync download all packages from remote repo
system-upgrade Prepare system for upgrade to a new release
uploadprofile Upload combined profile to Satellite server (list of installed RPMs, enabled repositories and modules)
General DNF options:
-c [config file], --config [config file]
config file location
-q, --quiet quiet operation
-v, --verbose verbose operation
--version show DNF version and exit
--installroot [path] set install root
--nodocs do not install documentations
--noplugins disable all plugins
--enableplugin [plugin]
enable plugins by name
--disableplugin [plugin]
disable plugins by name
--releasever RELEASEVER
override the value of $releasever in config and repo files
--setopt SETOPTS set arbitrary config and repo options
--skip-broken resolve depsolve problems by skipping packages
-h, --help, --help-cmd
show command help
--allowerasing allow erasing of installed packages to resolve dependencies
-b, --best try the best available package versions in transactions.
--nobest do not limit the transaction to the best candidate
-C, --cacheonly run entirely from system cache, don't update cache
-R [minutes], --randomwait [minutes]
maximum command wait time
-d [debug level], --debuglevel [debug level]
debugging output level
--debugsolver dumps detailed solving results into files
--showduplicates show duplicates, in repos, in list/search commands
-e ERRORLEVEL, --errorlevel ERRORLEVEL
error output level
--obsoletes enables dnf's obsoletes processing logic for upgrade or display capabilities that the package obsoletes for info, list and repoquery
--rpmverbosity [debug level name]
debugging output level for rpm
-y, --assumeyes automatically answer yes for all questions
--assumeno automatically answer no for all questions
--enablerepo [repo] Temporarily enable repositories for the purpose of the current dnf command. Accepts an id, a comma-separated list of ids, or a glob of ids. This option can be specified multiple times.
--disablerepo [repo] Temporarily disable active repositories for the purpose of the current dnf command. Accepts an id, a comma-separated list of ids, or a glob of ids. This option can be specified
multiple times, but is mutually exclusive with `--repo`.
--repo [repo], --repoid [repo]
enable just specific repositories by an id or a glob, can be specified multiple times
--enable enable repos with config-manager command (automatically saves)
--disable disable repos with config-manager command (automatically saves)
-x [package], --exclude [package], --excludepkgs [package]
exclude packages by name or glob
--disableexcludes [repo], --disableexcludepkgs [repo]
disable excludepkgs
--repofrompath [repo,path]
label and path to an additional repository to use (same path as in a baseurl), can be specified multiple times.
--noautoremove disable removal of dependencies that are no longer used
--nogpgcheck disable gpg signature checking (if RPM policy allows)
--color COLOR control whether color is used
--refresh set metadata as expired before running the command
-4 resolve to IPv4 addresses only
-6 resolve to IPv6 addresses only
--destdir DESTDIR, --downloaddir DESTDIR
set directory to copy packages to
--downloadonly only download packages
--comment COMMENT add a comment to transaction
--bugfix Include bugfix relevant packages, in updates
--enhancement Include enhancement relevant packages, in updates
--newpackage Include newpackage relevant packages, in updates
--security Include security relevant packages, in updates
--advisory ADVISORY, --advisories ADVISORY
Include packages needed to fix the given advisory, in updates
--bz BUGZILLA, --bzs BUGZILLA
Include packages needed to fix the given BZ, in updates
--cve CVES, --cves CVES
Include packages needed to fix the given CVE, in updates
--sec-severity {Critical,Important,Moderate,Low}, --secseverity {Critical,Important,Moderate,Low}
Include security relevant packages matching the severity, in updates
--forcearch ARCH Force the use of an architecture
2.2 - Configuration
The main configuration of dnf is performed by editing the /etc/dnf/dnf.conf file:
[root@redhat9 ~]# cat /etc/dnf/dnf.conf [main] gpgcheck=1 installonly_limit=3 clean_requirements_on_remove=True best=True skip_if_unavailable=False
The /etc/dnf directory itself contains directories:
[root@redhat9 ~]# ls -l /etc/dnf total 4 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 26 2023 aliases.d -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 108 Sep 9 2022 dnf.conf drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 26 2023 modules.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 26 2023 modules.defaults.d drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 142 Sep 25 12:00 plugins drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 173 Sep 25 12:05 protected.d drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 26 2023 vars
2.3 - Repositories
Important : A repository is a place to store ready-to-install binary packages. A repository can be the distribution installation DVD, a folder on hard disk or remote servers accessible via the Internet.
Package repositories are specified in a by-repository file stored in the /etc/yum.repos.d directory:
[root@redhat9 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ epel-cisco-openh264.repo epel-next.repo epel-next-testing.repo epel.repo epel-testing.repo redhat.repo
For example:
[root@redhat9 ~]# more /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo # # Certificate-Based Repositories # Managed by (rhsm) subscription-manager # # This file is auto-generated. Changes made here will be over-written. *** # Use ‘subscription-manager repo-override --help’ if you wish to make changes. *** # # If this file is empty and this system is subscribed consider # a ‘yum repolist’ to refresh available repos # [rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-eus-rpms] name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability - Extended Update Support (RPMs) baseurl = https://cdn.redhat.com/content/eus/rhel9/$releasever/x86_64/highavailability/os enabled = 0 gpgcheck = 1 gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release sslverify = 1 sslcacert = /etc/rhsm/ca/redhat-uep.pem sslclientkey = /etc/pki/entitlement/9005910890346536267-key.pem sslclientcert = /etc/pki/entitlement/9005910890346536267.pem sslverifystatus = 1 metadata_expire = 86400 enabled_metadata = 0 [rhel-9-for-x86_64-resilientstorage-eus-rpms] name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Resilient Storage - Extended Update Support (RPMs) baseurl = https://cdn.redhat.com/content/eus/rhel9/$releasever/x86_64/resilientstorage/os enabled = 0 gpgcheck = 1 gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release sslverify = 1 sslcacert = /etc/rhsm/ca/redhat-uep.pem sslclientkey = /etc/pki/entitlement/9005910890346536267-key.pem sslclientcert = /etc/pki/entitlement/9005910890346536267.pem sslverifystatus = 1 metadata_expire = 86400 enabled_metadata = 0 [rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.6-source-rpms] name = Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.6 /(Source RPMs) baseurl = https://cdn.redhat.com/content/dist/rhel/atomic/7/7Server/$basearch/cdk/3.6/source/SRPMS enabled = 0 gpgcheck = 1 gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release sslverify = 1 sslcacert = /etc/rhsm/ca/redhat-uep.pem sslclientkey = /etc/pki/entitlement/9005910890346536267-key.pem sslclientcert = /etc/pki/entitlement/9005910890346536267.pem sslverifystatus = 1 metadata_expire = 86400 enabled_metadata = 0 [gitops-1.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms] name = Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) --More--(1%)
To view all repositories, activated or not, using dnf, the repolist all command should be used:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf repolist all Updating Subscription Management repositories. repo id repo name status amq-clients-3-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat AMQ Clients 3 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled amq-clients-3-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat AMQ Clients 3 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled amq-clients-3-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat AMQ Clients 3 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled amq-interconnect-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat AMQ Interconnect Text-Only Advisories disabled amq-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss AMQ Text-Only Advisories disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.2 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.2 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.2 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.3-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.3 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.3-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.3 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.3-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.3 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.4 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.4 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.4 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.5-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.5-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled ansible-automation-platform-2.5-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled application-interconnect-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Application Interconnect for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled application-interconnect-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Application Interconnect for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled application-interconnect-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Application Interconnect for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.10-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.10 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.10-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.10 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.10-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.10 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.11-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.11 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.11-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.11 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.11-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.11 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cert-manager-1.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift 1.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cnv-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cnv-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cnv-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cnv-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cnv-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cnv-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cnv-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cnv-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cnv-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cnv-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cnv-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cnv-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled cnv-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled cnv-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled cnv-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Container Native Virtualization 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-eus-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-eus-source-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) enabled codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled discovery-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Discovery 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled discovery-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Discovery 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled discovery-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Discovery 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 enabled epel-cisco-openh264 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 enabled epel-cisco-openh264-debuginfo Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 - Debug disabled epel-cisco-openh264-source Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 - Source disabled epel-debuginfo Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 - Debug disabled epel-next Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 enabled epel-next-debuginfo Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 - Debug disabled epel-next-source Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 - Source disabled epel-next-testing Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - Testing - x86_64 disabled epel-next-testing-debuginfo Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - Testing - x86_64 - Debug disabled epel-next-testing-source Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - Testing - x86_64 - Source disabled epel-source Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 - Source disabled epel-testing Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Testing - x86_64 disabled epel-testing-debuginfo Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Testing - x86_64 - Debug disabled epel-testing-source Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Testing - x86_64 - Source disabled fast-datapath-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Fast Datapath for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled fast-datapath-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Fast Datapath for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled fast-datapath-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Fast Datapath for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled fsw-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Fuse Service Works Text-Only Advisories disabled gitops-1.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled gitops-1.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled gitops-1.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled gitops-1.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled gitops-1.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled gitops-1.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled gitops-1.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled gitops-1.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled gitops-1.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift GitOps 1.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled jb-coreservices-textonly-1-for-middleware-rhui-rpms Red Hat JBoss Core Services Text-Only Advisories from RHUI disabled jb-coreservices-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Core Services Text-Only Advisories disabled jb-datagrid-8.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat JBoss Data Grid 8.4 (RHEL 9) (Debug RPMs) disabled jb-datagrid-8.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat JBoss Data Grid 8.4 (RHEL 9) (RPMs) disabled jb-datagrid-8.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat JBoss Data Grid 8.4 (RHEL 9) (Source RPMs) disabled jb-datagrid-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Data Grid Text-Only Advisories disabled jb-eap-7.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4 (RHEL 9) (Debug RPMs) disabled jb-eap-7.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4 (RHEL 9) (RPMs) disabled jb-eap-7.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7.4 (RHEL 9) (Source RPMs) disabled jb-eap-8.0-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0 (RHEL 9 x86_64) (Debug RPMs) disabled jb-eap-8.0-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rhui-debug-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0 (RHEL 9) (Debug RPMs) from RHUI disabled jb-eap-8.0-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rhui-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0 (RHEL 9) (RPMs) from RHUI disabled jb-eap-8.0-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rhui-source-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0 (RHEL 9) (Source RPMs) from RHUI disabled jb-eap-8.0-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0 (RHEL 9 x86_64) (RPMs) disabled jb-eap-8.0-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.0 (RHEL 9 x86_64) (Source RPMs) disabled jb-eap-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Text-Only Advisories disabled jdv-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Data Virtualization Text-Only Advisories disabled jon-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Operations Network Text-Only Advisories disabled jpp-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Portal Text-Only Advisories disabled kmm-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Kernel Module Management 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled kmm-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Kernel Module Management 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled kmm-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Kernel Module Management 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled kmm-2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Kernel Module Management 2 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled kmm-2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Kernel Module Management 2 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled kmm-2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Kernel Module Management 2 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled lvms-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled lvms-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled lvms-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled lvms-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled lvms-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled lvms-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled lvms-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled lvms-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled lvms-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled lvms-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled lvms-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled lvms-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Logical Volume Manager Storage 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled network-observability-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Network Observability (NETOBSERV) 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled network-observability-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Network Observability (NETOBSERV) 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled network-observability-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Network Observability (NETOBSERV) 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled ocp-tools-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms OpenShift Developer Tools and Services 4.15 (RHEL 9) (x86_64 Debug RPMs) disabled ocp-tools-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms OpenShift Developer Tools and Services 4.15 (RHEL 9) (x86_64 RPMs) disabled ocp-tools-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms OpenShift Developer Tools and Services 4.15 (RHEL 9) (x86_64 Source RPMs) disabled ocp-tools-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms OpenShift Developer Tools and Services 4.16 (RHEL 9) (x86_64 Debug RPMs) disabled ocp-tools-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms OpenShift Developer Tools and Services 4.16 (RHEL 9) (x86_64 RPMs) disabled ocp-tools-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms OpenShift Developer Tools and Services 4.16 (RHEL 9) (x86_64 Source RPMs) disabled openjdk-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms OpenJDK Text-Only Advisories disabled openliberty-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Open Liberty Text-Only Advisories disabled openstack-17-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled openstack-17-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled openstack-17-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled openstack-17.1-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled openstack-17.1-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled openstack-17.1-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Platform 17.1 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled osso-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Secondary Scheduler Operator 1 for RHEL 9 for Red Hat OpenShift (Debug RPMs) disabled osso-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-files Secondary Scheduler Operator 1 for RHEL 9 for Red Hat OpenShift (Files) disabled osso-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Secondary Scheduler Operator 1 for RHEL 9 for Red Hat OpenShift (RPMs) disabled osso-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Secondary Scheduler Operator 1 for RHEL 9 for Red Hat OpenShift (Source RPMs) disabled quarkus-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat build of Quarkus Text-Only Advisories disabled rhbop-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat Build of OptaPlanner Text-Only Advisories disabled rhceph-5-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 5 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhceph-5-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 5 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhceph-5-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 5 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhceph-6-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhceph-6-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhceph-6-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhceph-7-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 7 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhceph-7-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 7 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhceph-7-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 7 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhceph-8-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 8 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhceph-8-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 8 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhceph-8-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Ceph Storage Tools 8 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhdh-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Developer Hub 1 (RHEL 9) (Debug RPMs) disabled rhdh-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Developer Hub 1 (RHEL 9) (RPMs) disabled rhdh-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Developer Hub 1 (RHEL 9) (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-e4s-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-e4s-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream - Update Services for SAP Solutions (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-e4s-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-eus-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) enabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-e4s-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-e4s-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS - Update Services for SAP Solutions (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-e4s-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-eus-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs) enabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-e4s-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-e4s-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability - Update Services for SAP Solutions (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-e4s-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-eus-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-highavailability-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - High Availability (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-resilientstorage-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Resilient Storage (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-resilientstorage-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Resilient Storage - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-resilientstorage-eus-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Resilient Storage - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-resilientstorage-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Resilient Storage - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-resilientstorage-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Resilient Storage (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-resilientstorage-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Resilient Storage (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-rt-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Real Time (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-rt-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Real Time (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-rt-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Real Time (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-e4s-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-e4s-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver - Update Services for SAP Solutions (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-e4s-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-eus-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-netweaver-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP NetWeaver (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-e4s-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-e4s-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions - Update Services for SAP Solutions (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-e4s-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-eus-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-sap-solutions-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - SAP Solutions (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-supplementary-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Supplementary (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-supplementary-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Supplementary - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-supplementary-eus-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Supplementary - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-supplementary-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Supplementary - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-supplementary-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Supplementary (RPMs) disabled rhel-9-for-x86_64-supplementary-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - Supplementary (Source RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-2.3-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 2.3 /(Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-2.3-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 2.3 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-2.3-source-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 2.3 /(Source RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.10-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.10 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.11-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.11 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.12-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.12 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.13-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.13 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.14-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.14 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.15-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.15 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.16-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.16 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.17-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.17 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.3-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.3 /(Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.3-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.3 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.3-source-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.3 /(Source RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.4-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.4 /(Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.4-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.4 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.4-source-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.4 /(Source RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.5-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.5 /(Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.5-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.5 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.5-source-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.5 /(Source RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.6-debug-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.6 /(Debug RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.6-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.6 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.6-source-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.6 /(Source RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.7-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.7 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.8-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.8 /(RPMs) disabled rhel-atomic-7-cdk-3.9-rpms Red Hat Container Development Kit 3.9 /(RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.1) for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.1) for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.1) for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.2) for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.2) for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.2-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.2) for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.2-gaudi-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.2) for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Gaudi (Debug RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.2-gaudi-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.2) for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Gaudi (RPMs) disabled rhelai-1.2-gaudi-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (1.2) for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Gaudi (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.12-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.13-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.14-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.15-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhocp-ironic-4.17-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Ironic content for Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhosds-textonly-3-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3 Container Advisories disabled rhose-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat Middleware Container Advisories disabled rhoso-tools-18-beta-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift 18 Tools Beta for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhoso-tools-18-beta-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift 18 Tools Beta for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhoso-tools-18-beta-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift 18 Tools Beta for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhoso-tools-18-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift 18 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhoso-tools-18-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift 18 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhoso-tools-18-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat OpenStack Services on OpenShift 18 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rhpm-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-textonly-debug-rpms Power monitoring for Red Hat OpenShift (for RHEL 9 x86_64) (Debug RPMs) disabled rhpm-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-textonly-rpms Power monitoring for Red Hat OpenShift (for RHEL 9 x86_64) (RPMs) disabled rhpm-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-textonly-source-rpms Power monitoring for Red Hat OpenShift (for RHEL 9 x86_64) (Source RPMs) disabled rhsi-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect Text-Only Advisories disabled rhv-4-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Virtualization 4 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rhv-4-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Virtualization 4 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rhv-4-tools-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Virtualization 4 Tools for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled rodoo-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Run Once Duration Override Operator (RODOO) 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled rodoo-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Run Once Duration Override Operator (RODOO) 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled rodoo-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Run Once Duration Override Operator (RODOO) 1 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-e4s-debug-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Debug RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-e4s-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Update Services for SAP Solutions (RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-e4s-source-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Update Services for SAP Solutions (Source RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-eus-debug-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Extended Update Support (Debug RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-eus-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Extended Update Support (RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-eus-source-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 - Extended Update Support (Source RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled satellite-client-6-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Satellite Client 6 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled satellite-maintenance-6.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Satellite Maintenance 6.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled satellite-maintenance-6.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Satellite Maintenance 6.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled satellite-maintenance-6.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Satellite Maintenance 6.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled satellite-utils-6.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Satellite Utils 6.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled satellite-utils-6.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Satellite Utils 6.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled satellite-utils-6.16-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Satellite Utils 6.16 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect 1.4 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect 1.4 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1.4-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect 1.4 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1.8-for-rhel-9-x86_64-debug-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect 1.8 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Debug RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1.8-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect 1.8 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) disabled service-interconnect-1.8-for-rhel-9-x86_64-source-rpms Red Hat Service Interconnect 1.8 for RHEL 9 x86_64 (Source RPMs) disabled soa-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss SOA Text-Only Advisories disabled wfk-textonly-1-for-middleware-rpms Red Hat JBoss Web Framework Kit Text-Only Advisories disabled
To view only the list of active repositories, use the repolist command alone:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf repolist Updating Subscription Management repositories. repo id repo name codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 epel-cisco-openh264 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 epel-next Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
To deactivate a repository, the yum-config-manager command should be used:
[root@redhat9 ~]# yum-config-manager --disable epel bash: yum-config-manager: command not found... Install package ‘yum-utils’ to provide command ‘yum-config-manager’? [N/y] y * Waiting in queue... * Loading list of packages.... The following packages have to be installed: yum-utils-4.3.0-13.el9.noarch Yum-utils CLI compatibility layer Proceed with changes? [N/y] y * Waiting in queue... * Waiting for authentication... * Waiting in queue... * Downloading packages... * Requesting data... * Testing changes... * Installing packages... Updating Subscription Management repositories. [root@redhat9 ~]# dnf repolist Updating Subscription Management repositories. repo id repo name codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) epel-cisco-openh264 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 epel-next Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
To activate a repository, the yum-config-manager command should be used again:
[root@redhat9 ~]# yum-config-manager --enable epel Updating Subscription Management repositories. [root@redhat9 ~]# dnf repolist Updating Subscription Management repositories. repo id repo name codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 epel-cisco-openh264 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 epel-next Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs)
2.4 - Search Packages
To list all the installed and available packages you should use the list command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf list | more Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 3:33:08 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 07:52:55 AM CEST. Installed Packages ModemManager.x86_64 1.20.2-1.el9 @anaconda ModemManager-glib.x86_64 1.20.2-1.el9 @anaconda NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-config-server.noarch 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-team.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-tui.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-wifi.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-wwan.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms PackageKit.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-command-not-found.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-glib.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-gtk3-module.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms aardvark-dns.x86_64 2:1.10.0-3.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms abattis-cantarell-fonts.noarch 0.301-4.el9 @AppStream accountsservice.x86_64 0.6.55-10.el9 @AppStream accountsservice-libs.x86_64 0.6.55-10.el9 @AppStream acl.x86_64 2.3.1-4.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms adcli.x86_64 0.9.2-1.el9 @anaconda adobe-mappings-cmap.noarch 20171205-12.el9 @AppStream adobe-mappings-cmap-deprecated.noarch 20171205-12.el9 @AppStream adobe-mappings-pdf.noarch 20180407-10.el9 @AppStream adobe-source-code-pro-fonts.noarch 2.030.1.050-12.el9.1 @anaconda adwaita-cursor-theme.noarch 40.1.1-3.el9 @AppStream adwaita-icon-theme.noarch 40.1.1-3.el9 @AppStream alsa-lib.x86_64 1.2.10-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms alsa-ucm.noarch 1.2.10-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms alsa-utils.x86_64 1.2.10-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms alternatives.x86_64 1.24-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms appstream.x86_64 0.16.1-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms appstream-data.noarch 1:9-20230504.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr.x86_64 1.7.0-12.el9_3 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr-util.x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr-util-bdb.x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr-util-openssl.x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms at.x86_64 3.1.23-11.el9 @anaconda at-spi2-atk.x86_64 2.38.0-4.el9 @AppStream at-spi2-core.x86_64 2.40.3-1.el9 @AppStream atk.x86_64 2.36.0-5.el9 @AppStream atkmm.x86_64 2.28.2-2.el9 @AppStream attr.x86_64 2.5.1-3.el9 @anaconda audit.x86_64 3.1.2-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms audit-libs.x86_64 3.1.2-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms authselect.x86_64 1.2.6-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms authselect-libs.x86_64 1.2.6-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms avahi.x86_64 0.8-20.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms avahi-glib.x86_64 0.8-20.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms avahi-libs.x86_64 0.8-20.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms baobab.x86_64 40.0-3.el9 @AppStream --More-- [q]
To list only installed packages, the list command takes the installed option:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf list installed | more Updating Subscription Management repositories. Installed Packages ModemManager.x86_64 1.20.2-1.el9 @anaconda ModemManager-glib.x86_64 1.20.2-1.el9 @anaconda NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-adsl.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-bluetooth.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-config-server.noarch 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-team.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-tui.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-wifi.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms NetworkManager-wwan.x86_64 1:1.46.0-19.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms PackageKit.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-command-not-found.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-glib.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-gstreamer-plugin.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms PackageKit-gtk3-module.x86_64 1.2.6-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms aardvark-dns.x86_64 2:1.10.0-3.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms abattis-cantarell-fonts.noarch 0.301-4.el9 @AppStream accountsservice.x86_64 0.6.55-10.el9 @AppStream accountsservice-libs.x86_64 0.6.55-10.el9 @AppStream acl.x86_64 2.3.1-4.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms adcli.x86_64 0.9.2-1.el9 @anaconda adobe-mappings-cmap.noarch 20171205-12.el9 @AppStream adobe-mappings-cmap-deprecated.noarch 20171205-12.el9 @AppStream adobe-mappings-pdf.noarch 20180407-10.el9 @AppStream adobe-source-code-pro-fonts.noarch 2.030.1.050-12.el9.1 @anaconda adwaita-cursor-theme.noarch 40.1.1-3.el9 @AppStream adwaita-icon-theme.noarch 40.1.1-3.el9 @AppStream alsa-lib.x86_64 1.2.10-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms alsa-ucm.noarch 1.2.10-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms alsa-utils.x86_64 1.2.10-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms alternatives.x86_64 1.24-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms appstream.x86_64 0.16.1-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms appstream-data.noarch 1:9-20230504.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr.x86_64 1.7.0-12.el9_3 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr-util.x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr-util-bdb.x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms apr-util-openssl.x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms at.x86_64 3.1.23-11.el9 @anaconda at-spi2-atk.x86_64 2.38.0-4.el9 @AppStream at-spi2-core.x86_64 2.40.3-1.el9 @AppStream atk.x86_64 2.36.0-5.el9 @AppStream atkmm.x86_64 2.28.2-2.el9 @AppStream attr.x86_64 2.5.1-3.el9 @anaconda audit.x86_64 3.1.2-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms audit-libs.x86_64 3.1.2-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms authselect.x86_64 1.2.6-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms authselect-libs.x86_64 1.2.6-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms avahi.x86_64 0.8-20.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms avahi-glib.x86_64 0.8-20.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms avahi-libs.x86_64 0.8-20.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms baobab.x86_64 40.0-3.el9 @AppStream basesystem.noarch 11-13.el9 @anaconda --More-- [q]
To list only available packages, the list command takes the available option:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf list available | more Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:11 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Available Packages 389-ds-base.x86_64 2.4.5-9.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 389-ds-base-devel.x86_64 2.4.5-9.el9_4 codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms 389-ds-base-libs.x86_64 2.4.5-9.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 3proxy.x86_64 0.9.4-4.el9 epel 6tunnel.x86_64 0.13-1.el9 epel AMF-devel.noarch 1.4.34-1.el9 epel AMF-samples.noarch 1.4.34-1.el9 epel Agda.x86_64 2.6.2.2-36.el9 epel Agda-common.noarch 2.6.2.2-36.el9 epel BackupPC.x86_64 4.4.0-9.el9 epel BackupPC-XS.x86_64 0.62-11.el9 epel BibTool.x86_64 2.68-5.el9 epel Box2D.i686 2.4.1-7.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Box2D.x86_64 2.4.1-7.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms CCfits.x86_64 2.6-6.el9 epel CCfits-devel.x86_64 2.6-6.el9 epel CCfits-doc.noarch 2.6-6.el9 epel CFR.noarch 0.151-9.el9 epel CFR-javadoc.noarch 0.151-9.el9 epel CGAL-demos-source.noarch 5.6.1-1.el9 epel CGAL-devel.x86_64 5.6.1-1.el9 epel CGAL-qt5-devel.x86_64 5.6.1-1.el9 epel CGSI-gSOAP.x86_64 1.3.12-1.el9 epel CGSI-gSOAP-devel.x86_64 1.3.12-1.el9 epel CUnit.i686 2.1.3-25.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms CUnit.x86_64 2.1.3-25.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms CUnit-devel.i686 2.1.3-25.el9 codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms CUnit-devel.x86_64 2.1.3-25.el9 codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms CharLS.x86_64 2.0.0-7.el9 epel CharLS-devel.x86_64 2.0.0-7.el9 epel Coin4.x86_64 4.0.0-11.el9 epel Coin4-devel.x86_64 4.0.0-11.el9 epel Coin4-doc.x86_64 4.0.0-11.el9 epel DNS-Compliance-Testing.x86_64 0^20230708git4aea40b-2.el9 epel FoXlibf.x86_64 4.1.2-19.el9 epel FoXlibf-devel.x86_64 4.1.2-19.el9 epel FoXlibf-static.x86_64 4.1.2-19.el9 epel GConf2.x86_64 3.2.6-34.el9 epel GConf2-devel.x86_64 3.2.6-34.el9 epel GMT.x86_64 6.4.0-4.el9 epel GMT-common.noarch 6.4.0-4.el9 epel GMT-devel.x86_64 6.4.0-4.el9 epel GMT-doc.noarch 6.4.0-4.el9 epel GeographicLib.x86_64 2.3-2.el9 epel GeographicLib-devel.x86_64 2.3-2.el9 epel GeographicLib-doc.noarch 2.3-2.el9 epel GraphicsMagick.x86_64 1.3.38-1.el9 epel GraphicsMagick-c++.x86_64 1.3.38-1.el9 epel GraphicsMagick-c++-devel.x86_64 1.3.38-1.el9 epel GraphicsMagick-devel.x86_64 1.3.38-1.el9 epel GraphicsMagick-doc.noarch 1.3.38-1.el9 epel GraphicsMagick-perl.x86_64 1.3.38-1.el9 epel --More-- [q]
To search for a string in the package name or short description, use the search command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf search httpd Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:15 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. ========================================================================================== Name Exactly Matched: httpd =========================================================================================== httpd.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server ========================================================================================= Name & Summary Matched: httpd ========================================================================================== httpd-core.x86_64 : httpd minimal core keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch : Tools to configure Apache HTTPD as Keycloak client libmicrohttpd-devel.x86_64 : Development files for libmicrohttpd libmicrohttpd-devel.i686 : Development files for libmicrohttpd libmicrohttpd-doc.noarch : Documentation for libmicrohttpd lighttpd-fastcgi.x86_64 : FastCGI module and spawning helper for lighttpd and PHP configuration lighttpd-filesystem.noarch : The basic directory layout for lighttpd lighttpd-mod_authn_gssapi.x86_64 : Authentication module for lighttpd that uses GSSAPI lighttpd-mod_authn_ldap.x86_64 : Authentication module for lighttpd that uses LDAP lighttpd-mod_authn_pam.x86_64 : Authentication module for lighttpd that uses PAM lighttpd-mod_authn_sasl.x86_64 : Authentication module for lighttpd that uses SASL lighttpd-mod_deflate.x86_64 : Compression module for lighttpd lighttpd-mod_gnutls.x86_64 : TLS module for lighttpd that uses GnuTLS lighttpd-mod_magnet.x86_64 : Lua module for lighttpd lighttpd-mod_maxminddb.x86_64 : GeoIP2 module for lighttpd to use for location lookups lighttpd-mod_mbedtls.x86_64 : TLS module for lighttpd that uses mbedTLS lighttpd-mod_nss.x86_64 : TLS module for lighttpd that uses NSS lighttpd-mod_openssl.x86_64 : TLS module for lighttpd that uses OpenSSL lighttpd-mod_vhostdb_ldap.x86_64 : Virtual host module for lighttpd that uses LDAP lighttpd-mod_vhostdb_mysql.x86_64 : Virtual host module for lighttpd that uses MySQL lighttpd-mod_vhostdb_pgsql.x86_64 : Virtual host module for lighttpd that uses PostgreSQL lighttpd-mod_webdav.x86_64 : WebDAV module for lighttpd nextcloud-httpd.noarch : Httpd integration for NextCloud python3-keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch : Tools to configure Apache HTTPD as Keycloak client radicale3-httpd.noarch : httpd config for Radicale redhat-logos-httpd.noarch : Red Hat-related icons and pictures used by httpd sympa-lighttpd.x86_64 : Sympa with lighttpd ============================================================================================== Name Matched: httpd =============================================================================================== httpd-devel.x86_64 : Development interfaces for the Apache HTTP Server httpd-filesystem.noarch : The basic directory layout for the Apache HTTP Server httpd-manual.noarch : Documentation for the Apache HTTP Server httpd-tools.x86_64 : Tools for use with the Apache HTTP Server libmicrohttpd.i686 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications libmicrohttpd.x86_64 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications lighttpd.x86_64 : Lightning fast webserver with light system requirements mirmon-httpd.noarch : Apache configuration for mirmon perl-Test-Fake-HTTPD.noarch : Fake HTTP server module for testing python3-sphinxcontrib-httpdomain.noarch : Sphinx domain for documenting HTTP APIs rust-httpdate+default-devel.noarch : HTTP date parsing and formatting rust-httpdate-devel.noarch : HTTP date parsing and formatting rust-tower-http+httpdate-devel.noarch : Tower middleware and utilities for HTTP clients and servers sympa-httpd.x86_64 : Sympa with Apache HTTP Server sysusage-httpd.noarch : Apache configuration for sysusage web-assets-httpd.noarch : Web Assets aliases for the Apache HTTP daemon ============================================================================================= Summary Matched: httpd ============================================================================================= mod_auth_mellon.x86_64 : A SAML 2.0 authentication module for the Apache Httpd Server mod_dav_svn.x86_64 : Apache httpd module for Subversion server mod_proxy_cluster.x86_64 : JBoss mod_proxy_cluster for Apache httpd
To search only for the string in the package name, use the list command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf list httpd Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:50 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Installed Packages httpd.x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
To find the package that contains the httpd executable, use the provides command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf provides httpd Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:56 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. httpd-2.4.51-7.el9_0.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo: rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.51-7.el9_0 httpd-2.4.53-7.el9.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.53-7.el9 httpd-2.4.53-7.el9_1.1.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.53-7.el9_1.1 httpd-2.4.53-7.el9_1.5.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.53-7.el9_1.5 httpd-2.4.53-11.el9_2.4.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.53-11.el9_2.4 httpd-2.4.53-11.el9_2.5.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.53-11.el9_2.5 httpd-2.4.57-5.el9.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.57-5.el9 httpd-2.4.57-8.el9.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.57-8.el9 httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.57-11.el9_4 httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : @System Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms Matched from: Provide : httpd = 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1
To search for any package starting with kerne, use the following command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf list kerne\* Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:03:38 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Installed Packages kernel.x86_64 5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2 @anaconda kernel.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-core.x86_64 5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2 @anaconda kernel-core.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-modules.x86_64 5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2 @anaconda kernel-modules.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-modules-core.x86_64 5.14.0-284.11.1.el9_2 @anaconda kernel-modules-core.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-tools.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-tools-libs.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms Available Packages kernel-abi-stablelists.noarch 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-cross-headers.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms kernel-debug.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-debug-core.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-debug-devel.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-debug-devel-matched.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-debug-modules.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-debug-modules-core.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-debug-modules-extra.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-debug-uki-virt.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-devel.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-devel-matched.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-doc.noarch 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-headers.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernel-rpm-macros.noarch 185-13.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-srpm-macros.noarch 1.0-13.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms kernel-tools-libs-devel.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-x86_64-rpms kernel-uki-virt.x86_64 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms kernelshark.x86_64 1:1.2-10.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
To list package groups, use the grouplist command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf grouplist Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:11 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Available Environment Groups: Server Minimal Install Workstation KDE Plasma Workspaces Virtualization Host Custom Operating System Installed Environment Groups: Server with GUI Installed Groups: Container Management Headless Management Available Groups: RPM Development Tools .NET Development Console Internet Tools Scientific Support Legacy UNIX Compatibility Smart Card Support Security Tools Graphical Administration Tools System Tools Network Servers Development Tools Fedora Packager VideoLAN Client Xfce
To obtain information about a group of packages, use the group info command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf groupinfo Server Updating Subscription Management repositories. Environment Group: Server Description: An integrated, easy-to-manage server. Mandatory Groups: Container Management Core Hardware Support Headless Management Server product core Standard Optional Groups: Basic Web Server DNS Name Server Debugging Tools FTP Server File and Storage Server GNOME Guest Agents Hardware Monitoring Utilities Infiniband Support Mail Server Network File System Client Network Servers Performance Tools Remote Management for Linux Virtualization Hypervisor Windows File Server
2.5 - Obtaining Information about a Package and Downloading it
To obtain information about a package, the info command should be used:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf info httpd
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:53 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST.
Installed Packages
Name : httpd
Version : 2.4.57
Release: 11.el9_4.1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 59 k
Source : httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.src.rpm
Repository : @System
From repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
Summary : Apache HTTP Server
URL : https://httpd.apache.org/
License : ASL 2.0
Description : The Apache HTTP Server is a powerful, efficient, and extensible
web server.
To download without installing a package, the old yumdownloader command has been replaced by dnf's download command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf download httpd Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:25 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64.rpm 163 kB/s | 51 kB 00:00
This package is uploaded to the current directory:
[root@redhat9 ~]# updatedb [root@redhat9 ~]# locate httpd-2.4.57 /root/httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64.rpm
2.6 - Installing a Package
To install a package, dnf has the install command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf install httpd Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:09:28 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: httpd x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 51 k Installing dependencies: apr x86_64 1.7.0-12.el9_3 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 126 k apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 97 k apr-util-bdb x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 14 k httpd-core x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.5 M httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 14 k httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 86 k redhat-logos-httpd noarch 90.4-2.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 18 k Installing weak dependencies: apr-util-openssl x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 17 k mod_http2 x86_64 2.0.26-2.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 167 k mod_lua x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 60 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 11 Packages Total download size: 2.2 M Installed size: 6.0 M Is this ok [y/N]: n Operation aborted.
To automatically answer yes to every question asked by dnf, use the -y option :
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf install httpd -y Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:10:12 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: httpd x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 51 k Installing dependencies: apr x86_64 1.7.0-12.el9_3 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 126 k apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 97 k apr-util-bdb x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 14 k httpd-core x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.5 M httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 14 k httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 86 k redhat-logos-httpd noarch 90.4-2.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 18 k Installing weak dependencies: apr-util-openssl x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 17 k mod_http2 x86_64 2.0.26-2.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 167 k mod_lua x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 60 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 11 Packages Total download size: 2.2 M Installed size: 6.0 M Downloading Packages: (1/11): apr-util-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64.rpm 350 kB/s | 97 kB 00:00 (2/11): apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64.rpm 47 kB/s | 14 kB 00:00 (3/11): apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64.rpm 53 kB/s | 17 kB 00:00 (4/11): redhat-logos-httpd-90.4-2.el9.noarch.rpm 97 kB/s | 18 kB 00:00 (5/11): apr-1.7.0-12.el9_3.x86_64.rpm 654 kB/s | 126 kB 00:00 (6/11): httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64.rpm 677 kB/s | 51 kB 00:00 (7/11): mod_http2-2.0.26-2.el9_4.x86_64.rpm 677 kB/s | 167 kB 00:00 (8/11): httpd-core-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64.rpm 11 MB/s | 1.5 MB 00:00 (9/11): httpd-filesystem-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.noarch.rpm 104 kB/s | 14 kB 00:00 (10/11): httpd-tools-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64.rpm 261 kB/s | 86 kB 00:00 (11/11): mod_lua-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64.rpm 219 kB/s | 60 kB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 2.4 MB/s | 2.2 MB 00:00 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : apr-1.7.0-12.el9_3.x86_64 1/11 Installing : apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 2/11 Installing : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 3/11 Installing : apr-util-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 4/11 Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 5/11 Running scriptlet: httpd-filesystem-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.noarch 6/11 Installing : httpd-filesystem-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.noarch 6/11 Installing : httpd-core-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 7/11 Installing : mod_lua-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 8/11 Installing : redhat-logos-httpd-90.4-2.el9.noarch 9/11 Installing : mod_http2-2.0.26-2.el9_4.x86_64 10/11 Installing : httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 11/11 Running scriptlet: httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 11/11 Verifying : apr-util-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 1/11 Verifying: apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 2/11 Verifying : apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 3/11 Verifying: redhat-logos-httpd-90.4-2.el9.noarch 4/11 Verifying : apr-1.7.0-12.el9_3.x86_64 5/11 Verifying: mod_http2-2.0.26-2.el9_4.x86_64 6/11 Verifying : httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 7/11 Verifying: httpd-core-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 8/11 Verifying: httpd-filesystem-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.noarch 9/11 Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 10/11 Verifying : mod_lua-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 11/11 Installed products updated. Installed: apr-1.7.0-12.el9_3.x86_64 apr-util-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-23.el9.x86_64 httpd-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 httpd-core-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 httpd-filesystem-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.noarch httpd-tools-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 mod_http2-2.0.26-2.el9_4.x86_64 mod_lua-2.4.57-11.el9_4.1.x86_64 redhat-logos-httpd-90.4-2.el9.noarch Complete!
It is possible to re-install a package with the reinstall command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf reinstall httpd Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:11:00 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Reinstalling: httpd x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 51 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Total download size: 51 k Installed size: 59 k Is this ok [y/N]: y
To install a group of packages, dnf has the groupinstall command :
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf groupinstall ‘System Tools’ Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:12:43 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing group/module packages: NetworkManager-libreswan x86_64 1.2.18-3.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 152 k cifs-utils x86_64 7.0-1.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 103 k libreswan x86_64 4.12-2.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.4 M nmap x86_64 3:7.92-1.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 5.6 M openldap-clients x86_64 2.6.6-3.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 184 k samba-client x86_64 4.19.4-105.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 694 k setserial x86_64 2.17-54.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 29 k tigervnc x86_64 1.13.1-8.el9_4.3 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 311 k tmux x86_64 3.2a-5.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 476 k zsh x86_64 5.8-9.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 3.2 M Installing dependencies: fltk x86_64 1.3.8-1.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 620 k keyutils x86_64 1.6.3-1.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 78 k ldns x86_64 1.7.1-11.el9 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 163 k nss-tools x86_64 3.101.0-7.el9_2 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 449 k tigervnc-icons noarch 1.13.1-8.el9_4.3 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 40 k tigervnc-license noarch 1.13.1-8.el9_4.3 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 18 k unbound-libs x86_64 1.16.2-3.el9_3.5 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 553 k Installing Groups: System Tools Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 17 Packages Total download size: 14 M Installed size: 47 M Is this ok [y/N]: y
2.7 - Updating Packages
To check the availability of updates, dnf has the check-update command :
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf check-update Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:13:55 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. cups-filters.x86_64 1.28.7-17.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms cups-filters-libs.x86_64 1.28.7-17.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms net-snmp-libs.x86_64 1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.3 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
To update all the packages, dnf has the update and upgrade commands. It is also possible to specify a specific package:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf update net-snmp-libs.x86_64 Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:14:57 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Upgrading: net-snmp-libs x86_64 1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.3 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 763 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Upgrade 1 Package Total download size: 763 k Is this ok [y/N]: y
Package group updates are managed using the groupupdate command :
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf groupupdate ‘System Tools’ Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:15:46 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing Groups: System Tools Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Is this ok [y/N]: y Complete!
2.8 - Removing packages
To remove a package, use the remove command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf remove httpd Updating Subscription Management repositories. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Removing: httpd x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 59 k Removing unused dependencies: apr x86_64 1.7.0-12.el9_3 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 288 k apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 211 k apr-util-bdb x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 15 k apr-util-openssl x86_64 1.6.1-23.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 23 k httpd-core x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 4.7 M httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 400 httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 199 k mod_http2 x86_64 2.0.26-2.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 442 k mod_lua x86_64 2.4.57-11.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 142 k redhat-logos-httpd noarch 90.4-2.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 12 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Remove 11 Packages Freed space: 6.0 M Is this ok [y/N]: n Operation aborted.
To remove a group of packages, use the groupremove command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf groupremove ‘System Tools’ Updating Subscription Management repositories. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Removing: NetworkManager-libreswan x86_64 1.2.18-3.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 457 k cifs-utils x86_64 7.0-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 220 k libreswan x86_64 4.12-2.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 5.2 M nmap x86_64 3:7.92-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 24 M openldap-clients x86_64 2.6.6-3.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 658 k samba-client x86_64 4.19.4-105.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 2.5 M setserial x86_64 2.17-54.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 35 k tigervnc x86_64 1.13.1-8.el9_4.3 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 967 k tmux x86_64 3.2a-5.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 1.1 M zsh x86_64 5.8-9.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 7.6 M Removing unused dependencies: fltk x86_64 1.3.8-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.5 M keyutils x86_64 1.6.3-1.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 158 k ldns x86_64 1.7.1-11.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 426 k nss-tools x86_64 3.101.0-7.el9_2 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.3 M tigervnc-icons noarch 1.13.1-8.el9_4.3 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 36 k tigervnc-license noarch 1.13.1-8.el9_4.3 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 18 k unbound-libs x86_64 1.16.2-3.el9_3.5 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.5 M Removing Groups: System Tools Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Remove 17 Packages Freed space: 47 M Is this ok [y/N]: y
To override unused dependencies, use the autoremove command :
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf autoremove Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:18:14 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:27:31 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Removing: efivar-libs x86_64 38-3.el9 @anaconda 367 k grub2-tools-efi x86_64 1:2.06-82.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 2.7 M grub2-tools-extra x86_64 1:2.06-82.el9_4 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 5.3 M libgcab1 x86_64 1.4-6.el9 @anaconda 207 k libglvnd-opengl x86_64 1:1.3.4-1.el9 @AppStream 173 k libsmbios x86_64 2.4.3-4.el9 @anaconda 388 k openldap-compat x86_64 2.6.6-3.el9 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms 59 k pulseaudio-utils x86_64 15.0-2.el9 @AppStream 199 k python3-ethtool x86_64 0.15-2.el9 @anaconda 94 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Remove 9 Packages Freed space: 9.5 M Is this ok [y/N]: y
To clean the cache of downloaded packages, use the clean all command :
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf clean all Updating Subscription Management repositories. 61 files removed
2.9 - The dnf log
Transactions from dnf are logged in the /var/log/dnf.rpm.log file:
[root@redhat9 ~]# tail /var/log/dnf.rpm.log 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: pulseaudio-utils-15.0-2.el9.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: openldap-compat-2.6.6-3.el9.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: libsmbios-2.4.3-4.el9.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: libglvnd-opengl-1:1.3.4-1.el9.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: libgcab1-1.4-6.el9.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: grub2-tools-extra-1:2.06-82.el9_4.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: grub2-tools-efi-1:2.06-82.el9_4.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:10+0200 SUBDEBUG Erase: efivar-libs-38-3.el9.x86_64 2024-09-30T11:46:30+0200 INFO --- logging initialized --- 2024-09-30T11:49:36+0200 INFO --- logging initialized ---
These transactions are also visible using the dnf history command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf history
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - x86_64 8.7 MB/s | 23 MB 00:02
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 3.0 kB/s | 2.5 kB 00:00
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 9 - Next - x86_64 585 kB/s | 277 kB 00:00
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) 26 MB/s | 41 MB 00:01
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - BaseOS (RPMs) 13 MB/s | 32 MB 00:02
Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) 8.5 MB/s | 9.2 MB 00:01
ID | Command line | Date and time | Action(s) | Altered
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17 | autoremove | 2024-09-30 11:46 | Removed | 9
16 | groupremove System Tools | 2024-09-30 11:45 | Removed | 18 EE
15 | groupupdate System Tools | 2024-09-30 11:43 | Install | 1
14 | update net-snmp-libs.x86_64 | 2024-09-30 11:42 | Upgrade | 1
13 | groupinstall System Tools | 2024-09-30 11:40 | Install | 18 EE
12 | reinstall httpd | 2024-09-30 11:39 | R | 2
11 | install httpd -y | 2024-09-30 11:37 | Install | 11
10 | install telnet-server | 2024-09-29 14:19 | Install | 1
9 | 2024-09-29 13:58 | Install | 1
8 | 2024-09-29 13:44 | Install | 1
7 | 2024-09-29 13:21 | Install | 1
6 | install patch -y | 2024-09-25 16:20 | Install | 1
5 | install screen | 2024-09-25 15:43 | Install | 1
4 | install epel-release epel-next-release | 2024-09-25 15:42 | Install | 1 <
3 | install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-9.noarch.rpm | 2024-09-25 15:39 | Install | 1 >E
2 | update | 2024-09-25 11:50 | I, U | 584 E<
1 | 2023-10-19 18:08 | Install | 1198 >E
This command has an undo option:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf history undo 14 Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:22:38 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 11:50:09 AM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Downgrading: net-snmp-libs x86_64 1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.2 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 760 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Downgrade 1 Package Total download size: 760 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: net-snmp-libs-5.9.1-13.el9_4.2.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 760 kB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 1.2 MB/s | 760 kB 00:00 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Downgrading : net-snmp-libs-1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.2.x86_64 1/2 Cleanup : net-snmp-libs-1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.3.x86_64 2/2 Running scriptlet: net-snmp-libs-1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.3.x86_64 2/2 Verifying : net-snmp-libs-1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.2.x86_64 1/2 Verifying : net-snmp-libs-1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.3.x86_64 2/2 Installed products updated. Downgraded: net-snmp-libs-1:5.9.1-13.el9_4.2.x86_64 Complete!
2.10 - The Application Stream Repository
RHEL 9 content is distributed via two main software repositories: BaseOS and Application Stream (AppStream).
By using the Application Stream repository, several versions of the user space components delivered with the distribution are delivered at the same time. They can be updated more frequently than the main operating system packages. This provides greater flexibility to customise RHEL without affecting the underlying stability of the platform or specific deployments.
The Application Stream repository contains two types of content, Modules and traditional RPM packages. A module describes a set of RPM packages that go together.
Modules can contain multiple streams to make multiple versions of applications available for installation. Activating a Module stream gives the system access to the RPM packages contained in that Module stream.
A Module is a set of RPM packages that form a coherent whole that go together. Typically, this is organised around a specific version of a software application or programming language. A typical Module may contain packages with an application, packages with shared libraries, documentation packages for the application and packages containing utilities.
Each Module can have one or more streams of Modules that contain different versions of the content. Each of the streams receives updates independently. A Module Stream is a virtual repository within the physical Application Stream repository. For each Module, only one of its streams can be activated and provide its packages at a time.
Each Module can have one or more profiles. A profile is a list of certain packages to be installed together for a particular use case such as a server, client or other. Installing a particular module profile simply installs a particular set of packages from the Modules stream. The packages can then be installed or uninstalled as normal. If the profile to be used is not specified, the Module will install its default profile.
To view the list of available Modules, use the dnf module list command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module list Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:22:40 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST. Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder for RHEL 9 x86_64 (RPMs) Name Stream Profiles Summary swig 4.1 common [d], complete Connects C/C++/Objective C to some high-level programming languages Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) Name Stream Profiles Summary mariadb 10.11 client, galera, server [d] MariaDB Module maven 3.8 common [d] Java project management and project comprehension tool nginx 1.22 common [d] nginx webserver nginx 1.24 common [d] nginx webserver nodejs 18 common [d], development, minimal, s2i Javascript runtime nodejs 20 common [d], development, minimal, s2i Javascript runtime php 8.1 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language php 8.2 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language postgresql 15 client, server [d] PostgreSQL server and client module postgresql 16 client, server [d] PostgreSQL server and client module redis 7 common [d] Redis persistent key-value database ruby 3.1 common [d] An interpreter of object-oriented scripting language ruby 3.3 common [d] An interpreter of object-oriented scripting language Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
To list the available Module streams and their statuses for a particular Module, use the following command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module list php Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:38:17 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) Name Stream Profiles Summary php 8.1 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language php 8.2 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
To obtain information on the Module streams for a particular Module, use the following command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module info php | more
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:42:18 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST.
Name : php
Stream : 8.1
Version: 9010020220706080036
Context : 9
Architecture: x86_64
Profiles : common [d], devel, minimal
Default profiles : common
Repo : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms
Summary : PHP scripting language
Description : php 8.1 module
Requires : platform:[el9]
Artifacts : apcu-panel-0:5.1.21-1.module+el9.1.0+15477+1fc469b9.noarch
: php-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.src
: php-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-bcmath-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-bcmath-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-cli-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-cli-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-common-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-common-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-dba-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-dba-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-dbg-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-dbg-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-debugsource-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-devel-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-embedded-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-embedded-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-enchant-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-enchant-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-ffi-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-ffi-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-fpm-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-fpm-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-gd-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-gd-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-gmp-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-gmp-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-intl-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-intl-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-ldap-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-ldap-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-mbstring-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-mbstring-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-mysqlnd-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-mysqlnd-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-odbc-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-odbc-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-opcache-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-opcache-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-pdo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
: php-pdo-debuginfo-0:8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+15877+c3862210.x86_64
--More--
[q]
To installet and activate a particular Module stream, it is necessary to stipulate the stream concerned:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module install php:8.2 -y Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:54:10 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing group/module packages: php-cli x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 3.6 M php-common x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 703 k php-fpm x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.8 M php-mbstring x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 524 k php-xml x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 150 k Installing dependencies: nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 11 k Installing module profiles: php/common Enabling module streams: php 8.2 Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 6 Packages Total download size: 6.8 M Installed size: 34 M Downloading Packages: (1/6): php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64.rpm 1.4 MB/s | 703 kB 00:00 (2/6): php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64.rpm 2.2 MB/s | 1.8 MB 00:00 (3/6): php-mbstring-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64.rpm 899 kB/s | 524 kB 00:00 (4/6): php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64.rpm 566 kB/s | 150 kB 00:00 (5/6): php-cli-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64.rpm 2.4 MB/s | 3.6 MB 00:01 (6/6): nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch.rpm 23 kB/s | 11 kB 00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 4.4 MB/s | 6.8 MB 00:01 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 1/6 Running scriptlet: nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch 2/6 Installing : nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch 2/6 Installing : php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 3/6 Running scriptlet: php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 3/6 Installing : php-cli-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 4/6 Installing : php-mbstring-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 5/6 Installing : php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 6/6 Running scriptlet: php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : php-cli-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 1/6 Verifying : php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : php-mbstring-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch 6/6 Installed products updated. Installed: nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch php-cli-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-mbstring-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 Complete!
Note the status of the php Module stream:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module list --enabled Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:54:59 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) Name Stream Profiles Summary php 8.2 [e] common [d] [i], devel, minimal PHP scripting language Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
Important: Note the presence of the characters [e], [d] and [i].
To remove the Module stream, use the dnf module remove command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module remove php:8.2 -y Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:56:35 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST. Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Removing: php-cli x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 16 M php-common x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 8.1 M php-fpm x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 8.2 M php-mbstring x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 1.2 M php-xml x86_64 8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 465 k Removing unused dependencies: nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1 @rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms 0 Disabling module profiles: php/common Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Remove 6 Packages Freed space: 34 M Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Running scriptlet: php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 1/6 Erasing : php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 1/6 Erasing : php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 2/6 Erasing : php-mbstring-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 3/6 Erasing : php-cli-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 4/6 Erasing : nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch 5/6 Erasing : php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 6/6 Running scriptlet: php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 6/6 Verifying : nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch 1/6 Verifying : php-cli-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 2/6 Verifying : php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 3/6 Verifying : php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 4/6 Verifying : php-mbstring-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 5/6 Verifying : php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 6/6 Installed products updated. Removed: nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-16.el9_4.1.noarch php-cli-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-common-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-fpm-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-mbstring-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 php-xml-8.2.13-1.module+el9.4.0+20748+b46899d2.x86_64 Complete!
Note again the status of the php Module stream:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module list --enabled Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:57:06 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 for x86_64 - AppStream (RPMs) Name Stream Profiles Summary php 8.2 [e] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
Important : Note that the Module stream has been uninstalled ( absence of [i] ) but that it is still enabled ( presence of [e] ).
To disable the Module stream, use the dnf module disable command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module disable php:8.2 -y Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:58:47 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST. Only module name is required. Ignoring unneeded information in argument: ‘php:8.2’ Dependencies resolved. ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Architecture Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Disabling modules: php Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Complete! [root@redhat9 ~]# dnf module list --enabled Updating Subscription Management repositories. Last metadata expiration check: 0:59:14 ago on Mon 30 Sep 2024 12:48:56 PM CEST.
LAB #3 - Shared Libraries
3.1 - Introduction
Shared libraries are functions common to several different programs in the same domain (sound, database, video etc.). The functions offered by one or more libraries form an API (Application Programming Interface). Under Linux, libraries are called Shared Objects and have the suffix .so.
Storage
By convention, shared libraries are stored in lib directories, for example :
| Directory | Contents |
|---|---|
| /lib | Base system libraries |
| /usr/lib | User libraries |
| /usr/local/lib | Local libraries |
| /usr/X11R6/lib | X environment libraries |
| /opt/kde4/lib | KDE Libraries |
Important: The most important library is libc. Without it, the Linux system cannot function.
ld-linux.so.2
The ld-linux.so.2 library is used by the system to create a link with a shared library at program runtime and is called the link loader. It searches for shared libraries in a specific order:
- in the paths specified by the LD_LIBRARY_PATH system variable,
- in the paths specified in the compiled contents of the /etc/ld.so.cache file,
- in /lib and /usr/lib.
It should be noted that the contents of the ld.so.cache are built from the information contained in the /etc/ld.so.conf configuration file.
In order to study the libraries linked to an application, we will first install the mc application:
[root@redhat9 ~]# dnf install mc -y
3.2 - The ldd command
To determine which libraries are linked to an application, use the ldd command:
[root@redhat9 ~]# ldd /usr/bin/mc
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffe40b83000)
libslang.so.2 => /lib64/libslang.so.2 (0x00007f0579a00000)
libgpm.so.2 => /lib64/libgpm.so.2 (0x00007f0579e2d000)
libe2p.so.2 => /lib64/libe2p.so.2 (0x00007f0579e21000)
libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f0579ce6000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f0579600000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f0579925000)
libpcre.so.1 => /lib64/libpcre.so.1 (0x00007f05798ad000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f0579f99000)
To understand what happens if a library is missing, rename the /usr/lib/libslang.so.2 library to /usr/lib/libslang.so.2.old:
[root@redhat9 ~]# mv /lib64/libslang.so.2 /lib64/libslang.so.2.old
Run the ldd command again. You will get a result similar to the following:
[root@redhat9 ~]# ldd /usr/bin/mc
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffe893a6000)
libslang.so.2 => not found
libgpm.so.2 => /lib64/libgpm.so.2 (0x00007fdff3ea8000)
libe2p.so.2 => /lib64/libe2p.so.2 (0x00007fdff3e9c000)
libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007fdff3d61000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007fdff3a00000)
libpcre.so.1 => /lib64/libpcre.so.1 (0x00007fdff3ce9000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fdff4014000)
Note the presence of the line libslang.so.2 ⇒ not found. Given the missing shared library, the mc program can no longer be run:
[root@redhat9 ~]# mc /usr/bin/mc: error while loading shared libraries: libslang.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Rename the library correctly and check that the previous error has been resolved with the ldd command :
[root@redhat9 ~]# mv /lib64/libslang.so.2.old /lib64/libslang.so.2
[root@redhat9 ~]# ldd /usr/bin/mc
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffff85f9000)
libslang.so.2 => /lib64/libslang.so.2 (0x00007effc9e00000)
libgpm.so.2 => /lib64/libgpm.so.2 (0x00007effca1d4000)
libe2p.so.2 => /lib64/libe2p.so.2 (0x00007effca1c8000)
libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007effc9cc5000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007effc9a00000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007effca0ed000)
libpcre.so.1 => /lib64/libpcre.so.1 (0x00007effc9c4d000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007effca340000)
3.3 - The /etc/ld.so.conf file
The /etc/ld.so.conf file is used to configure the /etc/ld.so.cache cache:
[root@redhat9 ~]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
In this case, the file only contains an include directive which refers to the contents of the /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ directory:
[root@redhat9 ~]# ls -l /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root root 30 Jan 19 2024 pipewire-jack-x86_64.conf
For example, the contents of the pipewire-jack-x86_64.conf file are:
[root@redhat9 ~]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf.d/pipewire-jack-x86_64.conf /usr/lib64/pipewire-0.3/jack/
3.4 - The ldconfig command
The ldconfig command is used to:
- update the cache for the paths included in the /etc/ld.so.conf file as well as for the /lib and /usr/lib directories. The -N option in the ldconfig command prevents paths in the file from being updated,
- update symbolic links on libraries. The -X option to the ldconfig command prevents symbolic links from being updated.
Symbolic links are used to manage library versions.
The ldconfig command can be used with the -p option to view the contents of the cache:
[root@redhat9 ~]# ldconfig -p | more
827 libs found in cache `/etc/ld.so.cache'
libzstd.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libzstd.so.1
libz.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libz.so.1
libyelp.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libyelp.so.0
libyaml-0.so.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libyaml-0.so.2
libyajl.so.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libyajl.so.2
libxtables.so.12 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxtables.so.12
libxslt.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxslt.so.1
libxshmfence.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxshmfence.so.1
libxml2.so.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxml2.so.2
libxmlsec1.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxmlsec1.so.1
libxmlsec1-openssl.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxmlsec1-openssl.so.1
libxmlsec1-openssl.so (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxmlsec1-openssl.so
libxmlb.so.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxmlb.so.2
libxklavier.so.16 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxklavier.so.16
libxkbregistry.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxkbregistry.so.0
libxkbfile.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxkbfile.so.1
libxkbcommon.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxkbcommon.so.0
libxkbcommon-x11.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxkbcommon-x11.so.0
libxcvt.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcvt.so.0
libxcb.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb.so.1
libxcb-xvmc.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xvmc.so.0
libxcb-xv.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xv.so.0
libxcb-xtest.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xtest.so.0
libxcb-xselinux.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xselinux.so.0
libxcb-xkb.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xkb.so.1
libxcb-xinput.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xinput.so.0
libxcb-xinerama.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xinerama.so.0
libxcb-xf86dri.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xf86dri.so.0
libxcb-xfixes.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-xfixes.so.0
libxcb-util.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-util.so.1
libxcb-sync.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-sync.so.1
libxcb-shm.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-shm.so.0
libxcb-shape.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-shape.so.0
libxcb-screensaver.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-screensaver.so.0
libxcb-res.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-res.so.0
libxcb-render.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-render.so.0
libxcb-record.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-record.so.0
libxcb-randr.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-randr.so.0
libxcb-present.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-present.so.0
libxcb-glx.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-glx.so.0
libxcb-dri3.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-dri3.so.0
libxcb-dri2.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-dri2.so.0
libxcb-dpms.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-dpms.so.0
libxcb-damage.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-damage.so.0
libxcb-composite.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxcb-composite.so.0
libxatracker.so.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libxatracker.so.2
libwpe-1.0.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwpe-1.0.so.1
libwoff2enc.so.1.0.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwoff2enc.so.1.0.2
libwoff2dec.so.1.0.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwoff2dec.so.1.0.2
libwoff2common.so.1.0.2 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwoff2common.so.1.0.2
libwnck-3.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwnck-3.so.0
libwireplumber-0.4.so.0 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwireplumber-0.4.so.0
libwebrtc_audio_processing.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwebrtc_audio_processing.so.1
libwebpmux.so.3 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libwebpmux.so.3
--More--
To add shared libraries, you need to:
- create a file in the /etc/ld.so.conf.d/ directory and enter the path(s) to the storage location of the shared libraries to be added,
- run the ldconfig -v command, where v stands for verbose, to rebuild the cache.
Copyright © 2024 Hugh Norris.
