Linux (RHEL, Debian, Ubuntu and SLES) : System Administration

Presentation

Objectives : Learn Red Hat Enterprise Server, Debian Linux, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server and Ubuntu Linux system administration.
Who can benefit: Linux users and technicians / Windows™, Mac and Unix users/administrators.
Prerequisites: Computer literacy.
Learning technique : Clear, theoretical course content divided into lessons and extensive LABS available on-line 24/24 7/7.
Duration : 35 hours.
Instructor : Certified LPI.
Student Progression : Student progression is monitored both in terms of effective course duration and in terms of student comprehension using self-assessment tests.
Resources : RHEL 7, Debian 8, SLES 12 and Ubuntu 16.04 Virtual Appliances.

Cursus

Managing Users and Groups
- Groups
- Users
- Commands
  - Groups
    - groupadd
    - groupdel
    - groupmod
    - newgrp
    - gpasswd
  - Users
    - useradd
    - userdel
    - usermod
    - passwd
- Configuration
- LAB #1 - Managing Groups and Users
- su et su -
- sudo
- Commands : getent, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, newgrp, gpasswd, useradd, userdel, usermod, passwd, id, groups, su, sudo.

Package Management
- Compiling Software the Old Way
  - ./configure
  - make
  - make check
  - make install
- RHEL and SLES and the rpm command
- Yellow Dog Updater Modified and RHEL
  - Configuration
  - Repositories
  - Usage
  - LAB #1 - Working with Yum
  - The yumdownloader command
- Zypper and SLES
  - Configuration
  - Repositories
  - Usage
  - LAB #2 - Working with Zypper
- Debian and Ubuntu and the dpkg Command
- Advanced Package Tool and Debian/Ubuntu
  - Configuration
  - Repositories
  - Usage
  - LAB #1 - Working with Apt
- Shared Libraries
  - Presentation
    - Introduction
    - Shared Object Locations
    - ld-linux.so.2
    - The ldd Command
    - The /etc/ld.so.conf File
    - The ldconfig Command
- Commands : rpm, yum, yumdownloader, zypper, dpkg, apt-get, apt-cache, mc, wget, configure, make, ldd, ldconfig.

Managing File Permissions
- Preparation
- Basic Unix File Permissions
  - Changing Permissions with chmod
    - Symbolic Mode
    - Octal Mode
- The umask command
- Changing the Owner or the Group with chown and chgrp
- Advanced Unix Permissions
  - SUID/SGID bit
  - Inheritance Flag
  - Sticky bit
- ACLs
  - Commande Line Switches
- Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 Attributes
- Commands : chmod, umask, chown, chgrp, setfacl, getfacl, chattr, lsattr.

Managing Disks and Swap Space
- Block Devices
- Partitions
  - Master Boot Record
  - Apple Partition Map
  - GUID Partition Table
- Partitioning
  - LAB #1 - Using fdisk and parted
- Journaled Filesystems
  - Presentation
  - Ext3
  - Ext4
  - ReiserFS
  - XFS
  - JFS
  - Btrfs
- Swap Space
  - Swap Size
  - Swap Partitions
  - The swapon Command
  - The swapoff Command
  - The /etc/fstab file
  - Swap Files
- Logical Volume Manager (LVM)
  - Physical Volumes (PV)
  - Volume Groups (VG) and Physical Extents (PE)
  - Logical Volumes (LV)
  - Administration
  - Snapshots
  - Deleting Volumes
  - Mirrored Logical Volumes
  - Attributes
  - Striped Logical Volumes
  - Metadata
- Commands : fdisk, gdisk, parted, swapon, swapoff, mkswap, dumpe2fs, tune2fs, mke2fs, mkfs.ext3, e2fsck, resize2fs, debugfs, e2label, mkfs.ext4, mkfs.xfs, xfs_check, xfs_repair, xfs_admin, xfs_growfs, xfs_info, xfs_metadump, xfs_db, xfs_admin, mkfs.reiserfs, mkreiserfs, reiserfsck, reiserfstune, resize_reiserfs, debugreiserfs, mkfs.jfs, jfs_tune, jfs_fsck, jfs_febugfs, btrfs-balance, btrfs-check, btrfs-device, btrfs-filesystem, btrfs-inspect-internal, btrfs-property, btrfs-qgroup, btrfs-quota, btrfs-qgroup, btrfs-receive, btrfs-replace, btrfs-rescue, btrfs-restore, btrfs-scrub, btrfs-send, btrfs-subvolume, pvcreate, vgcreate, lvcreate, pvdisplay, vgdisplay, lvdisplay, lvextend, lvreduce, resize2fs, lvs, lvremove, vgremove, pvremove, lvconvert, vgs, pvs, lvchange, vgcfgbackup, vgcfgrestore.

Process Scheduling
- cron
- anacron
- at
- Commands : cron, anacron, at.

Archiving and Compression
- Archiving
  - tar
    - Presentation
    - LAB #1 - Using tar
  - cpio
    - Presentation
    - Command Line Switches
    - LAB #2 - Using cpio
  - dd
    - Presentation
    - Command Line Switches
    - LAB #3 - Using dd
  - dump and restore
    - Presentation
- Compression
  - gzip
    - Presentation
    - LAB #4 - Using gzip
  - bzip2
    - Presentation
    - LAB #5 - Using bzip2
  - xz
    - Presentation
    - LAB #5 - Using xz
  - Other Tools
- Commands : tar, cpio, dd, dump, restore, gzip, gunzip, bzip2, bunzip2, xz, compress, uncompress, rar, unrar, zip, unzip.

Process Management
- Process Types
- Process priorities
- Synchronous and Asynchronous
- Process Commands
  - The ps Command
  - The pstree Command
  - The top Command
  - The fg and bg Commands
  - The wait Command
  - The nice Command
  - The renice Command
  - The nohup Command
  - The kill Command
- Commands : ps, pstree, top, fg, bg, wait, nice, renice, nohup, kill.

Managing Logs
- The /var/log/messages file
- The /bin/dmesg Command
- The /var/log/audit/audit.log file
  - Managing Audit Events
    - auditd
    - auditctl
    - audispd
  - Viewing Audit Events
    - The aureport Command
    - The ausearch Command
- Applications
- rsyslog
  - Priorities
  - Facilities
  - /etc/rsyslog.conf
    - Modules
    - Global Directives
    - Rules
      - Facility.Priority
      - Facility!Priority
      - Facility=Priority
      - Using the * Wildcard
      - n Facilities with Identical Priorities
      - n Selectors with Identical Actions
- /usr/bin/logger
- /usr/bin/logrotate
- Journald
  - Viewing logs
  - Viewing logs of a specific application
  - Viewing the logs of the last boot process
  - Viewing logs of a specific priority
  - Viewing logs over a date period
  - Viewing logs in real time
  - Viewing logs using keywords
- Commands : dmesg, auditd, auditctl, audoispd, aureport, ausearch, rsyslog, logger, logrotate, journalctl.

Printer Management
- Introduction
  - Protocols
  - Daemon
- Configuration
  - /etc/cups/cupsd.conf
  - Filters
  - Backends
  - Logs
  - Printers
- Administration
  - The lpstat Command
  - The lpadmin Command
  - The accept and cupsenable Commands
  - Setting Up the Default Printer
  - Using a .ppd File to Add a Printer
  - Classes
  - The /etc/cups/printers.conf File
  - The /etc/cups/classes.conf File
  - The cancel Command
  - The lpmove Command
  - Destroying a Class
- Web Interface
- Graphical Interface
- Commands : lpadmin, accept, reject, cupsenable, cupsdisable, lpstat, cancel, lpmove, lpinfo, lppasswd, lp.

System Startup and Shutdown
- System Startup
  - Boot Loader
    - BIOS Systems
    - EFI Systems
- GRUB
  - GRUB LEGACY on RHEL 6
  - GRUB 2 on RHEL 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu 16.04 and SLES 12
    - The /boot/grub/device.map file
    - The /etc/default/grub file
    - Files in the /etc/grub.d directory
      - /etc/grub.d/10_Linux
      - /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober
      - /etc/grub.d/40_custom
      - /etc/grub.d/41_custom
      - Password protection
- Initramfs
  - Initramfs on RHEL and SLES
    - The dracut Command
  - Initramfs on Debian/Ubuntu
    - The mkinitramfs Command
  - Initramfs on SLES
    - The mkinitrd Command
- Kernel Booting Process
- SysVinit startup process
  - The Init Process
  - RUNLEVELS
  - Unix System V Startup Scripts
  - Inittab
  - The /etc/init.d directory
  - The rcX.d Directories
  - The update-rc.d Command
  - The chkconfig Command
  - openSUSE
- Upstart startup process
  - System Initialisation
  - Runlevels
  - [CTL]-[ALT]-[DEL]
  - mingetty
  - rc.sysinit
  - The /etc/rc.d/init.d Directory
  - The /etc/rc.d/rcX.d Directories
  - Managing Upstart services
- The Systemd startup process
  - The systemctl command
  - Configuration files
  - The systemd-analyze command
  - Managing systemd services
- System Shutdown
  - The shutdown Command
  - The reboot command
  - The halt Command
  - The poweroff Command
- Commands : grub_install, runlevel, init, telinit, chkconfig, update-rc.d, dracut, mkinitramfs, mkinitrd, initctl, start, stop, restart, systemctl, systemd-analyze, shutdown, halt, reboot, poweroff.

Managing Integrated Peripherals
- Special Files
- Commands
  - The lspci Command
  - The lsusb Command
  - The dmidecode Command
- The /proc Directory
  - Sub-directories
    - ide/scsi
    - acpi
    - bus
    - net
    - sys
    - The sysctl Command
  - Files
    - /proc/cpuinfo
    - /proc/interrupts
    - /proc/dma
    - /proc/ioports
    - /proc/devices
    - /proc/modules
    - /proc/diskstats
    - /proc/partitions
    - /proc/swaps
    - /proc/loadavg
    - /proc/meminfo
    - /proc/version
  - Interpreting Information in /proc
    - Commands
      - free
      - uptime or w
      - iostat
      - vmstat
      - mpstat
      - sar
    - Production Environements
      - Identifying a System with a CPU Bottleneck
      - Identifying a Memory Problem
      - Identifying I/O Bottlenecks
- USB Modules
- udev
  - The udevadm Command
- The /sys Filesystem
- Planning resources - the collectd command
- Limiting Resources
  - ulimit
  - Control groups
- Commands: lspci, lsusb, dmidecode, free, uptime, w, iostat, vmstat, mpstat, sar, udevadm, collectd, sysctl.

Managing a the Network
- Communication models
  - OSI
    - NDIS and ODI
  - TCP/IP
    - Messages, Datagrams and Segments
    - Establishing a TCP connection
    - The TCP header
    - The UDP header
    - Fragmentation and Re-encapsulation
    - TCPv4 Classes
    - Subnet Masks
      - Variable Length Subnet Masks - VLSM
    - Ports and sockets
- Configuring a Network Client under Linux
  - /etc/services
  - Ethernet address resolution with arp
- Configuring TCP/IP on RHEL 6 and Debian 6
  - RHEL 6
    - DHCP
      - /etc/sysconfig/network
      - /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX (où X=0,1 …)
    - Fixed IP Address
      - /etc/sysconfig/network
      - /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethX (où X=0,1 …)
  - Debian 6
    - DHCP
      - /etc/network/interfaces
    - Fixed IP Address
      - /etc/network/interfaces
  - The hostname command
  - The ifconfig command
  - Manually bringing up and down a network interface
  - The /etc/networks file
  - IP address resolution
    - /etc/resolv.conf
    - /etc/nsswitch.conf
    - /etc/hosts
- Configuring TCP/IP on RHEL 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu 16.04 and SLES 12
  - The nmcli command
  - Connections and Profiles
  - Adding a second IP address to an existing profile
  - The hostname command
  - The ip command
  - Manually bringing up and down a network interface
- Network Services
  - xinetd
  - TCP Wrapper
- Network Diagostic Commands
  - ping
  - ping6
  - netstat-i
  - traceroute
  - traceroute 6
  - tracepath6
- Static Routing Tables on RHEL 6
  - The route Command
  - The netstat Command
  - Turning routing ON/OFF
- Static Routing Tables on RHEL 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu 16.04 and SLES 12
  - The ip Command
  - Turning routing ON/OFF
- Remote Administration
  - Telnet
  - ssh
  - wget
  - ftp
  - scp
- Administrating an NFS server
  - Presentation
  - NFSv3 services and processes
  - Basic commands
  - Server installation on RHEL 6 and Debian 6
  - Client installation on RHEL 6 and Debian 6
  - Server installation on RHEL 7 and Debian 8
  - Client installation on RHEL 7 and Debian 8
  - The rpcinfo command
  - The nfsstat command
- Packet Sniffers
  - TCPdump
  - Wireshark
- Port Scanners
  - nmap
  - netcat
- The Netfilter Firewall
  - Introduction
  - Configuration using scripts on RHEL 6 and Debian 6
  - Configuration using firewalld on RHEL 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu 16.04 and SLES 12
- Cryptologie
  - GnuPG
  - Public Key Infrastructures
    - X509 Certificates
  - SSH and SCP
  - SSH Tunneling
- Commands : netstat, arp, nslookup, dig, ifconfig, ifup, ifdown, ifstatus, NetworkManager, hostname, uname, nmcli, ip, network-manager, ping, ping6, Traceroute, Traceroute6, Tracepath6, tcpd, xinetd, route, ntpd, telnet, wget, ftp, tcpdump, wireshark, nmap, netcat, iptables, gpg, firewall-cmd, ssh, scp.