Différences
Ci-dessous, les différences entre deux révisions de la page.
Les deux révisions précédentesRévision précédenteProchaine révision | Révision précédente | ||
elearning:workbooks:redhat:rh134:l102 [2024/10/22 15:34] – admin | elearning:workbooks:redhat:rh134:l102 [2024/10/24 12:56] (Version actuelle) – admin | ||
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Ligne 66: | Ligne 66: | ||
* 5.1 - ulimit | * 5.1 - ulimit | ||
* 5.2 - Groupes de Contrôle | * 5.2 - Groupes de Contrôle | ||
- | * La Limitation de la Mémoire | ||
- | * La Commande cgcreate | ||
- | * La Commande cgdelete | ||
- | * Le Fichier / | ||
- | * La Commande cgconfigparser | ||
=====Présentation des Fichiers Spéciaux===== | =====Présentation des Fichiers Spéciaux===== | ||
Ligne 327: | Ligne 322: | ||
├─rhel-root 253:0 0 | ├─rhel-root 253:0 0 | ||
└─rhel-swap 253:1 0 5G 0 lvm [SWAP] | └─rhel-swap 253:1 0 5G 0 lvm [SWAP] | ||
+ | sdb | ||
+ | sdc | ||
+ | sdd | ||
+ | sde | ||
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom | sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom | ||
Ligne 337: | Ligne 336: | ||
rhel-root 253:0 0 | rhel-root 253:0 0 | ||
rhel-swap 253:1 0 5G 0 lvm [SWAP] | rhel-swap 253:1 0 5G 0 lvm [SWAP] | ||
+ | sdb | ||
+ | sdc | ||
+ | sdd | ||
+ | sde | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 450: | Ligne 453: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [1:0:0:0] cd/ | + | [0: |
- | [2: | + | [2: |
- | [3: | + | [3: |
- | [4: | + | |
- | [5: | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 463: | Ligne 464: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 ~]# man lsscsi | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | |
Usage: lsscsi | Usage: lsscsi | ||
[--help] [--hosts] [--kname] [--list] [--long] [--long-unit] | [--help] [--hosts] [--kname] [--list] [--long] [--long-unit] | ||
Ligne 2039: | Ligne 2039: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | 1 | + | 1 14 1665 1749 1766 2060 2841 412 437 45 |
- | 10 | + | 10 15 1671 1752 1767 2081 29 413 438 454 530 566 655 74421 772 78 |
- | 1007 | + | 1036 16 1678 1753 18 21 3 |
- | 11 | + | 12 1626 1694 1754 1887 22 30 42 |
- | 11805 16593 2 | + | 1240 1628 1695 1755 2 |
- | 12 | + | 1266 1629 1696 1756 20 239 |
- | 1219 | + | 1279 1631 17 1757 2015 24 34 431 442 491 560 58 |
- | 1228 | + | 1280 1632 1725 1758 2038 241 |
- | 1232 | + | 1281 1633 1741 1759 2042 243 |
- | 1234 | + | 1282 1641 1743 1764 2053 27 38 435 445 51 |
- | 1235 | + | 13 1660 1747 1765 2055 28 4 |
- | 1247 | + | |
- | 13 | + | |
- | 1307 | + | |
- | 1339 | + | |
- | 1356 | + | |
- | 14 | + | |
- | 1441 | + | |
- | 1443 | + | |
- | 1444 | + | |
- | 1446 | + | |
- | 14977 1828 | + | |
- | 15 | + | |
- | 15067 183 2167 2330 2571 422 | + | |
- | 1536 | + | |
- | 1553 | + | |
- | 15594 186 2187 2358 259 | + | |
- | 15735 187 2190 2373 2593 427 | + | |
- | 16 | + | |
- | 16165 1883 | + | |
- | 16167 1888 | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2078: | Ligne 2058: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
processor | processor | ||
vendor_id | vendor_id | ||
- | cpu family | + | cpu family |
- | model : | + | model : |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU D-1541 @ 2.10GHz |
- | stepping | + | stepping |
- | microcode | + | microcode |
- | cpu MHz : | + | cpu MHz : |
cache size : 16384 KB | cache size : 16384 KB | ||
physical id : 0 | physical id : 0 | ||
- | siblings | + | siblings |
core id : 0 | core id : 0 | ||
- | cpu cores : | + | cpu cores : |
apicid | apicid | ||
initial apicid | initial apicid | ||
fpu : yes | fpu : yes | ||
fpu_exception | fpu_exception | ||
- | cpuid level : | + | cpuid level : |
wp : yes | wp : yes | ||
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs | + | vmx flags : vnmi preemption_timer posted_intr invvpid ept_x_only ept_ad ept_1gb flexpriority apicv tsc_offset vtpr mtf vapic ept vpid unrestricted_guest vapic_reg vid shadow_vmcs pml |
- | bogomips | + | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs |
+ | bogomips | ||
clflush size : 64 | clflush size : 64 | ||
- | cache_alignment : 128 | + | cache_alignment : 64 |
- | address sizes : | + | address sizes : |
power management: | power management: | ||
processor | processor | ||
vendor_id | vendor_id | ||
- | cpu family | + | cpu family |
- | model : | + | model : |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU D-1541 @ 2.10GHz |
- | stepping | + | stepping |
- | microcode | + | microcode |
- | cpu MHz : | + | cpu MHz : |
cache size : 16384 KB | cache size : 16384 KB | ||
physical id : 0 | physical id : 0 | ||
- | siblings | + | siblings |
core id : 1 | core id : 1 | ||
- | cpu cores : | + | cpu cores : |
apicid | apicid | ||
initial apicid | initial apicid | ||
fpu : yes | fpu : yes | ||
fpu_exception | fpu_exception | ||
- | cpuid level : | + | cpuid level : |
wp : yes | wp : yes | ||
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs | + | vmx flags : vnmi preemption_timer posted_intr invvpid ept_x_only ept_ad ept_1gb flexpriority apicv tsc_offset vtpr mtf vapic ept vpid unrestricted_guest vapic_reg vid shadow_vmcs pml |
- | bogomips | + | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs |
+ | bogomips | ||
clflush size : 64 | clflush size : 64 | ||
- | cache_alignment : 128 | + | cache_alignment : 64 |
- | address sizes : | + | address sizes : |
power management: | power management: | ||
processor | processor | ||
vendor_id | vendor_id | ||
- | cpu family | + | cpu family |
- | model : | + | model : |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU D-1541 @ 2.10GHz |
- | stepping | + | stepping |
- | microcode | + | microcode |
- | cpu MHz : | + | cpu MHz : |
cache size : 16384 KB | cache size : 16384 KB | ||
- | physical id : | + | physical id : |
- | siblings | + | siblings |
- | core id : | + | core id : |
- | cpu cores : | + | cpu cores : |
apicid | apicid | ||
initial apicid | initial apicid | ||
fpu : yes | fpu : yes | ||
fpu_exception | fpu_exception | ||
- | cpuid level : | + | cpuid level : |
wp : yes | wp : yes | ||
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs | + | vmx flags : vnmi preemption_timer posted_intr invvpid ept_x_only ept_ad ept_1gb flexpriority apicv tsc_offset vtpr mtf vapic ept vpid unrestricted_guest vapic_reg vid shadow_vmcs pml |
- | bogomips | + | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs |
+ | bogomips | ||
clflush size : 64 | clflush size : 64 | ||
- | cache_alignment : 128 | + | cache_alignment : 64 |
- | address sizes : | + | address sizes : |
power management: | power management: | ||
processor | processor | ||
vendor_id | vendor_id | ||
- | cpu family | + | cpu family |
- | model : | + | model : |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU D-1541 @ 2.10GHz |
- | stepping | + | stepping |
- | microcode | + | microcode |
- | cpu MHz : | + | cpu MHz : |
cache size : 16384 KB | cache size : 16384 KB | ||
- | physical id : | + | physical id : |
- | siblings | + | siblings |
- | core id : | + | core id : |
- | cpu cores : | + | cpu cores : |
apicid | apicid | ||
initial apicid | initial apicid | ||
fpu : yes | fpu : yes | ||
fpu_exception | fpu_exception | ||
- | cpuid level : | + | cpuid level : |
wp : yes | wp : yes | ||
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs | + | vmx flags : vnmi preemption_timer posted_intr invvpid ept_x_only ept_ad ept_1gb flexpriority apicv tsc_offset vtpr mtf vapic ept vpid unrestricted_guest vapic_reg vid shadow_vmcs pml |
- | bogomips | + | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs |
+ | bogomips | ||
clflush size : 64 | clflush size : 64 | ||
- | cache_alignment | + | cache_alignment : 64 |
- | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | address sizes : |
- | power management: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | processor | + | |
- | vendor_id | + | |
- | cpu family | + | |
- | model : 6 | + | |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | |
- | stepping | + | |
- | microcode | + | |
- | cpu MHz : 1999.987 | + | |
- | cache size : 16384 KB | + | |
- | physical id : 1 | + | |
- | siblings | + | |
- | core id : 0 | + | |
- | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
- | apicid | + | |
- | initial apicid | + | |
- | fpu : yes | + | |
- | fpu_exception | + | |
- | cpuid level : 13 | + | |
- | wp : yes | + | |
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit | + | |
- | bogomips | + | |
- | clflush size | + | |
- | cache_alignment : 128 | + | |
- | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
- | power management: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | processor | + | |
- | vendor_id | + | |
- | cpu family | + | |
- | model : 6 | + | |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | |
- | stepping | + | |
- | microcode | + | |
- | cpu MHz : 1999.987 | + | |
- | cache size : 16384 KB | + | |
- | physical id : 1 | + | |
- | siblings | + | |
- | core id : 1 | + | |
- | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
- | apicid | + | |
- | initial apicid | + | |
- | fpu : yes | + | |
- | fpu_exception | + | |
- | cpuid level : 13 | + | |
- | wp : yes | + | |
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit | + | |
- | bogomips | + | |
- | clflush size : 64 | + | |
- | cache_alignment : 128 | + | |
- | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
- | power management: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | processor | + | |
- | vendor_id | + | |
- | cpu family | + | |
- | model : 6 | + | |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | |
- | stepping | + | |
- | microcode | + | |
- | cpu MHz : 1999.987 | + | |
- | cache size : 16384 KB | + | |
- | physical id : 1 | + | |
- | siblings | + | |
- | core id : 2 | + | |
- | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
- | apicid | + | |
- | initial apicid | + | |
- | fpu : yes | + | |
- | fpu_exception | + | |
- | cpuid level : 13 | + | |
- | wp : yes | + | |
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit | + | |
- | bogomips | + | |
- | clflush size : 64 | + | |
- | cache_alignment : 128 | + | |
- | address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual | + | |
- | power management: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | processor | + | |
- | vendor_id | + | |
- | cpu family | + | |
- | model : 6 | + | |
- | model name : Common KVM processor | + | |
- | stepping | + | |
- | microcode | + | |
- | cpu MHz : 1999.987 | + | |
- | cache size : 16384 KB | + | |
- | physical id : 1 | + | |
- | siblings | + | |
- | core id : 3 | + | |
- | cpu cores : 4 | + | |
- | apicid | + | |
- | initial apicid | + | |
- | fpu : yes | + | |
- | fpu_exception | + | |
- | cpuid level : 13 | + | |
- | wp : yes | + | |
- | flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx lm constant_tsc nopl xtopology cpuid tsc_known_freq pni cx16 x2apic hypervisor lahf_lm cpuid_fault pti | + | |
- | bugs : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit | + | |
- | bogomips | + | |
- | clflush size : 64 | + | |
- | cache_alignment : 128 | + | |
- | address sizes : | + | |
power management: | power management: | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2299: | Ligne 2175: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | | + | |
- | 0: | + | 0: 17 |
- | 1: | + | 1: 9 0 0 0 |
- | 8: | + | 8: 0 1 0 0 |
- | 9: | + | 9: 0 0 0 0 |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | 25: 0 0 0 0 0 5640 | + | |
- | 26: 36 | + | 26: 0 0 0 0 |
- | 27: 0 | + | |
- | NMI: | + | 28: 0 |
- | LOC: 870537 | + | |
- | SPU: | + | 30: 0 |
- | PMI: | + | |
- | IWI: | + | |
- | RTR: | + | |
- | RES: 178171 | + | |
- | CAL: | + | NMI: 0 0 0 0 |
- | TLB: 2295 | + | LOC: |
- | TRM: | + | SPU: 0 0 0 0 |
- | THR: | + | PMI: 0 0 0 0 |
- | DFR: | + | IWI: |
- | MCE: | + | RTR: 0 0 0 0 APIC ICR read retries |
- | MCP: | + | RES: |
- | HYP: | + | CAL: 614080 |
- | HRE: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | + | TLB: |
- | HVS: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | + | TRM: 0 0 0 0 |
+ | THR: 0 0 0 0 | ||
+ | DFR: 0 0 0 0 | ||
+ | MCE: 0 0 0 0 | ||
+ | MCP: | ||
+ | HYP: | ||
ERR: 0 | ERR: 0 | ||
MIS: 0 | MIS: 0 | ||
- | PIN: | + | PIN: 0 0 0 0 |
- | NPI: | + | NPI: 0 0 0 0 |
- | PIW: | + | PIW: 0 0 0 0 |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2345: | Ligne 2226: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
4: cascade | 4: cascade | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2352: | Ligne 2233: | ||
< | < | ||
- | root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
0000-0cf7 : PCI Bus 0000:00 | 0000-0cf7 : PCI Bus 0000:00 | ||
0000-001f : dma1 | 0000-001f : dma1 | ||
Ligne 2374: | Ligne 2255: | ||
03f6-03f6 : 0000: | 03f6-03f6 : 0000: | ||
03f6-03f6 : ata_piix | 03f6-03f6 : ata_piix | ||
- | --More-- | + | 0510-051b : QEMU0002: |
+ | 0510-051b : fw_cfg_io | ||
+ | 0600-063f : 0000: | ||
+ | 0600-0603 : ACPI PM1a_EVT_BLK | ||
+ | 0604-0605 : ACPI PM1a_CNT_BLK | ||
+ | 0608-060b : ACPI PM_TMR | ||
+ | 0700-070f : 0000: | ||
+ | 0700-0708 : piix4_smbus | ||
+ | 0cf8-0cff : PCI conf1 | ||
+ | 0d00-ffff : PCI Bus 0000:00 | ||
+ | afe0-afe3 : ACPI GPE0_BLK | ||
+ | c000-cfff : PCI Bus 0000:03 | ||
+ | d000-dfff : PCI Bus 0000:02 | ||
+ | e000-efff : PCI Bus 0000:01 | ||
+ | e000-e03f : 0000: | ||
+ | f000-f03f : 0000: | ||
+ | f040-f05f : 0000: | ||
+ | f040-f05f : uhci_hcd | ||
+ | f060-f07f : 0000: | ||
+ | f060-f07f : ahci | ||
+ | f080-f09f : 0000: | ||
+ | f0a0-f0af : 0000: | ||
+ | f0a0-f0af : ata_piix | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2384: | Ligne 2287: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Character devices: | Character devices: | ||
1 mem | 1 mem | ||
Ligne 2396: | Ligne 2299: | ||
10 misc | 10 misc | ||
13 input | 13 input | ||
+ | 14 sound | ||
21 sg | 21 sg | ||
29 fb | 29 fb | ||
+ | 116 alsa | ||
128 ptm | 128 ptm | ||
136 pts | 136 pts | ||
- | 162 raw | ||
180 usb | 180 usb | ||
188 ttyUSB | 188 ttyUSB | ||
Ligne 2407: | Ligne 2311: | ||
203 cpu/cpuid | 203 cpu/cpuid | ||
226 drm | 226 drm | ||
- | 244 aux | + | 242 hidraw |
- | 245 hidraw | + | 243 ttyDBC |
- | 246 usbmon | + | 244 usbmon |
- | 247 bsg | + | 245 wwan_port |
- | 248 watchdog | + | 246 bsg |
- | 249 ptp | + | 247 watchdog |
- | 250 pps | + | 248 ptp |
- | 251 rtc | + | 249 pps |
+ | 250 rtc | ||
+ | 251 dma_heap | ||
252 dax | 252 dax | ||
253 tpm | 253 tpm | ||
Ligne 2446: | Ligne 2352: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | xt_CHECKSUM 16384 1 - Live 0xffffffffc09a8000 | + | tls 159744 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0d1a000 |
- | ipt_MASQUERADE | + | snd_seq_dummy |
- | xt_conntrack | + | snd_hrtimer |
- | ipt_REJECT 16384 2 - Live 0xffffffffc0999000 | + | snd_seq 131072 7 snd_seq_dummy, |
- | nft_compat 20480 16 - Live 0xffffffffc0993000 | + | snd_timer 53248 2 snd_hrtimer, |
- | nf_nat_tftp | + | snd_seq_device 16384 1 snd_seq, |
- | nft_objref | + | snd 147456 5 snd_seq, |
- | nf_conntrack_tftp | + | soundcore |
- | nft_counter | + | nft_fib_inet |
- | tun 53248 1 - Live 0xffffffffc096e000 | + | nft_fib_ipv4 16384 1 nft_fib_inet, |
- | bridge 192512 0 - Live 0xffffffffc093e000 | + | nft_fib_ipv6 16384 1 nft_fib_inet, |
- | stp 16384 1 bridge, Live 0xffffffffc0939000 | + | nft_fib |
- | llc 16384 2 bridge,stp, Live 0xffffffffc0930000 | + | nft_reject_inet |
- | nft_fib_inet | + | nf_reject_ipv4 16384 1 nft_reject_inet, |
- | nft_fib_ipv4 16384 1 nft_fib_inet, Live 0xffffffffc08ed000 | + | nf_reject_ipv6 24576 1 nft_reject_inet, |
- | nft_fib_ipv6 | + | nft_reject |
- | nft_fib | + | nft_ct 24576 7 - Live 0xffffffffc0b32000 |
- | nft_reject_inet | + | nft_chain_nat |
- | nf_reject_ipv4 | + | nf_nat 61440 1 nft_chain_nat, |
- | nf_reject_ipv6 | + | nf_conntrack 217088 |
- | nft_reject | + | nf_defrag_ipv6 24576 1 nf_conntrack, |
+ | nf_defrag_ipv4 | ||
+ | ip_set 69632 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0ace000 | ||
+ | rfkill 40960 3 - Live 0xffffffffc0ac3000 | ||
+ | nf_tables 356352 194 nft_fib_inet, | ||
+ | nfnetlink 20480 3 ip_set, | ||
+ | qrtr 57344 4 - Live 0xffffffffc0a56000 | ||
+ | intel_rapl_msr 20480 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0a50000 | ||
+ | intel_rapl_common 45056 1 intel_rapl_msr, | ||
+ | intel_uncore_frequency_common | ||
+ | kvm_intel 442368 0 - Live 0xffffffffc09d2000 | ||
+ | kvm 1335296 | ||
+ | irqbypass | ||
+ | rapl 28672 0 - Live 0xffffffffc09c5000 | ||
+ | i2c_piix4 32768 0 - Live 0xffffffffc09bc000 | ||
+ | pcspkr | ||
+ | virtio_balloon 28672 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0738000 | ||
+ | joydev 28672 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0730000 | ||
+ | xfs 2510848 2 - Live 0xffffffffc0751000 | ||
+ | libcrc32c 16384 4 nf_nat,nf_conntrack,nf_tables, | ||
+ | sr_mod 28672 0 - Live 0xffffffffc06c9000 | ||
+ | cdrom 90112 1 sr_mod, Live 0xffffffffc0719000 | ||
+ | ata_generic | ||
+ | bochs 20480 1 - Live 0xffffffffc070e000 | ||
+ | drm_vram_helper 28672 1 bochs, Live 0xffffffffc065a000 | ||
+ | drm_kms_helper 245760 4 bochs, | ||
+ | syscopyarea | ||
+ | sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper, Live 0xffffffffc063b000 | ||
+ | sysimgblt | ||
+ | ata_piix 45056 0 - Live 0xffffffffc06b8000 | ||
+ | crct10dif_pclmul | ||
+ | fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper, Live 0xffffffffc0687000 | ||
+ | drm_ttm_helper 16384 2 bochs, | ||
+ | sd_mod 90112 3 - Live 0xffffffffc0643000 | ||
+ | crc32_pclmul 16384 0 - Live 0xffffffffc0636000 | ||
--More-- | --More-- | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2474: | Ligne 2414: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | 11 0 sr0 10 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 9 2 0 0 0 0 | + | 11 0 sr0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2487: | Ligne 2427: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
major minor # | major minor # | ||
- | | + | |
| | ||
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
11 0 1048575 sr0 | 11 0 1048575 sr0 | ||
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2502: | Ligne 2442: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Filename | + | Filename |
- | / | + | / |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2510: | Ligne 2450: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | 0.00 0.00 0.00 1/697 16936 | + | 0.00 0.00 0.00 1/517 78961 |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2517: | Ligne 2457: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | MemTotal: | + | MemTotal: |
- | MemFree: | + | MemFree: |
- | MemAvailable: | + | MemAvailable: |
- | Buffers: | + | Buffers: |
- | Cached: | + | Cached: |
SwapCached: | SwapCached: | ||
- | Active: | + | Active: |
- | Inactive: | + | Inactive: |
- | Active(anon): | + | Active(anon): |
- | Inactive(anon): | + | Inactive(anon): |
- | Active(file): | + | Active(file): |
- | Inactive(file): | + | Inactive(file): |
Unevictable: | Unevictable: | ||
Mlocked: | Mlocked: | ||
- | SwapTotal: | + | SwapTotal: |
- | SwapFree: | + | SwapFree: |
+ | Zswap: | ||
+ | Zswapped: | ||
Dirty: | Dirty: | ||
Writeback: | Writeback: | ||
- | AnonPages: | + | AnonPages: |
- | Mapped: | + | Mapped: |
- | Shmem: | + | Shmem: |
- | KReclaimable: | + | KReclaimable: |
- | Slab: 118396 | + | Slab: 114992 |
- | SReclaimable: | + | SReclaimable: |
- | SUnreclaim: | + | SUnreclaim: |
- | KernelStack: | + | KernelStack: |
- | PageTables: | + | PageTables: |
+ | SecPageTables: | ||
NFS_Unstable: | NFS_Unstable: | ||
Bounce: | Bounce: | ||
WritebackTmp: | WritebackTmp: | ||
- | CommitLimit: | + | CommitLimit: |
- | Committed_AS: | + | Committed_AS: |
VmallocTotal: | VmallocTotal: | ||
- | VmallocUsed: | + | VmallocUsed: |
VmallocChunk: | VmallocChunk: | ||
- | Percpu: | + | Percpu: |
HardwareCorrupted: | HardwareCorrupted: | ||
- | AnonHugePages: | + | AnonHugePages: |
ShmemHugePages: | ShmemHugePages: | ||
ShmemPmdMapped: | ShmemPmdMapped: | ||
FileHugePages: | FileHugePages: | ||
FilePmdMapped: | FilePmdMapped: | ||
+ | CmaTotal: | ||
+ | CmaFree: | ||
+ | Unaccepted: | ||
HugePages_Total: | HugePages_Total: | ||
HugePages_Free: | HugePages_Free: | ||
Ligne 2566: | Ligne 2512: | ||
Hugepagesize: | Hugepagesize: | ||
Hugetlb: | Hugetlb: | ||
- | DirectMap4k: | + | DirectMap4k: |
- | DirectMap2M: | + | DirectMap2M: |
+ | DirectMap1G: | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2573: | Ligne 2520: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux version | + | Linux version |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2603: | Ligne 2550: | ||
Cette commande a pour résultat d' | Cette commande a pour résultat d' | ||
- | ====2.2 - Utilisation de la Commande sysctl==== | + | ====3.2 - Utilisation de la Commande sysctl==== |
Les fichiers dans le répertoire **/ | Les fichiers dans le répertoire **/ | ||
Ligne 2612: | Ligne 2559: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
# sysctl settings are defined through files in | # sysctl settings are defined through files in | ||
# / | # / | ||
Ligne 2624: | Ligne 2571: | ||
# For more information, | # For more information, | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
total 0 | total 0 | ||
- | lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Mar 16 15:42 99-sysctl.conf -> ../sysctl.conf | + | lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Jul 18 13:00 99-sysctl.conf -> ../ |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# ls -l / | + | |
- | total 24 | + | |
- | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1810 Dec 22 2020 10-default-yama-scope.conf | + | |
- | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 524 Mar 16 15:42 50-coredump.conf | + | |
- | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1270 Mar 16 15:42 50-default.conf | + | |
- | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 246 Jun 15 2020 50-libkcapi-optmem_max.conf | + | |
- | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 636 Mar 16 15:42 50-pid-max.conf | + | |
- | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 499 Nov 26 2019 60-libvirtd.conf | + | |
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# ls -l / |
+ | total 28 | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1810 Dec 11 2023 10-default-yama-scope.conf | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1816 Jul 18 13:00 50-coredump.conf | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1919 Oct 31 2022 50-default.conf | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 246 Dec 7 2023 50-libkcapi-optmem_max.conf | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 635 Oct 31 2022 50-pid-max.conf | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 203 Apr 24 13:50 50-redhat.conf | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 387 Oct 31 2022 README | ||
+ | |||
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
# This file is part of systemd. | # This file is part of systemd. | ||
# | # | ||
Ligne 2653: | Ligne 2602: | ||
# | # | ||
# Use kernel.sysrq = 1 to allow all keys. | # Use kernel.sysrq = 1 to allow all keys. | ||
- | # See https://www.kernel.org/ | + | # See https://docs.kernel.org/ |
# of values and keys. | # of values and keys. | ||
kernel.sysrq = 16 | kernel.sysrq = 16 | ||
Ligne 2659: | Ligne 2608: | ||
# Append the PID to the core filename | # Append the PID to the core filename | ||
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 | kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 | ||
- | |||
- | # https:// | ||
- | kernel.kptr_restrict = 1 | ||
# Source route verification | # Source route verification | ||
- | net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1 | + | net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2 |
+ | net.ipv4.conf.*.rp_filter = 2 | ||
+ | -net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter | ||
# Do not accept source routing | # Do not accept source routing | ||
- | net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0 | + | net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 |
+ | net.ipv4.conf.*.accept_source_route = 0 | ||
+ | -net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route | ||
# Promote secondary addresses when the primary address is removed | # Promote secondary addresses when the primary address is removed | ||
- | net.ipv4.conf.all.promote_secondaries = 1 | + | net.ipv4.conf.default.promote_secondaries = 1 |
+ | net.ipv4.conf.*.promote_secondaries = 1 | ||
+ | -net.ipv4.conf.all.promote_secondaries | ||
+ | |||
+ | # ping(8) without CAP_NET_ADMIN and CAP_NET_RAW | ||
+ | # The upper limit is set to 2^31-1. Values greater than that get rejected by | ||
+ | # the kernel because of this definition in linux/ | ||
+ | # # | ||
+ | # That's not so bad because values between 2^31 and 2^32-1 are reserved on | ||
+ | # systemd-based systems anyway: https:// | ||
+ | -net.ipv4.ping_group_range = 0 2147483647 | ||
# Fair Queue CoDel packet scheduler to fight bufferbloat | # Fair Queue CoDel packet scheduler to fight bufferbloat | ||
- | net.core.default_qdisc = fq_codel | + | -net.core.default_qdisc = fq_codel |
# Enable hard and soft link protection | # Enable hard and soft link protection | ||
fs.protected_hardlinks = 1 | fs.protected_hardlinks = 1 | ||
fs.protected_symlinks = 1 | fs.protected_symlinks = 1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | # Enable regular file and FIFO protection | ||
+ | fs.protected_regular = 1 | ||
+ | fs.protected_fifos = 1 | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2683: | Ligne 2647: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Usage: | Usage: | ||
Ligne 2693: | Ligne 2657: | ||
-X alias of -a | -X alias of -a | ||
--deprecated | --deprecated | ||
+ | --dry-run | ||
-b, --binary | -b, --binary | ||
-e, --ignore | -e, --ignore | ||
Ligne 2718: | Ligne 2683: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | =====LAB#3 - Interprétation des informations dans /proc===== | + | =====LAB#4 - Interprétation des informations dans /proc===== |
Les informations brutes stockées dans /proc peuvent être interprétées grâce à l' | Les informations brutes stockées dans /proc peuvent être interprétées grâce à l' | ||
Ligne 2730: | Ligne 2695: | ||
* sar. | * sar. | ||
- | ====3.1 - La Commande free==== | + | ====4.1 - La Commande free==== |
La commande **free** permet de donner l’état de la mémoire totale, libre, partagée, swap et bufferisée. Saisissez donc la commande suivante : | La commande **free** permet de donner l’état de la mémoire totale, libre, partagée, swap et bufferisée. Saisissez donc la commande suivante : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | total used free shared | + | |
- | Mem: 3735 1135 1818 14 782 | + | Mem: |
- | Swap: | + | Swap: 5119 0 |
</ | </ | ||
Dans le cas de cet exemple, nous pouvons constater que l’affichage montre : | Dans le cas de cet exemple, nous pouvons constater que l’affichage montre : | ||
- | * 3735 Mo de mémoire physique totale, | + | * 7685 Mo de mémoire physique totale, |
- | * 1135 Mo de mémoire physique utilisée et 1818 Mo de mémoire physique libre, | + | * 948 Mo de mémoire physique utilisée et 6249 Mo de mémoire physique libre, |
- | * 3279 Mo de mémoire swap totale et 0 Mo de swap utilisé | + | * 5119 Mo de mémoire swap totale et 0 Mo de swap utilisé |
Les options de cette commande sont : | Les options de cette commande sont : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Usage: | Usage: | ||
Ligne 2781: | Ligne 2746: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ====3.2 - Les Commandes uptime et w==== | + | ====4.2 - Les Commandes uptime et w==== |
Chacune des ces commandes indique la charge moyenne du ou des processeurs depuis 1 minute, 5 minutes et 15 minutes : | Chacune des ces commandes indique la charge moyenne du ou des processeurs depuis 1 minute, 5 minutes et 15 minutes : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | 04:39:03 up 1 day, 2:34, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 | + | 12:56:03 up 21:19, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 |
- | + | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | 04:39:04 up 1 day, 2:34, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 | + | 12:56:07 up 21:19, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 |
- | USER | + | USER |
- | trainee | + | trainee |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2806: | Ligne 2771: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Usage: | Usage: | ||
Ligne 2819: | Ligne 2784: | ||
For more details see uptime(1). | For more details see uptime(1). | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Usage: | Usage: | ||
Ligne 2838: | Ligne 2803: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ====3.3 - La Commande iostat==== | + | ====4.3 - La Commande iostat==== |
- | La commande **iostat** affiche des statistiques sur l' | + | La commande **iostat** affiche des statistiques sur l' |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | bash: iostat: command not found... | + | </code> |
- | Install package ' | + | |
+ | Exécutez ensuite la commande **iostat** : | ||
- | * Waiting in queue... | + | < |
- | The following packages have to be installed: | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# iostat |
- | | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | | + | |
- | Proceed with changes? | + | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | * Waiting in queue... | + | |
- | * Waiting for authentication... | + | |
- | * Waiting in queue... | + | |
- | * Downloading packages... | + | |
- | * Requesting data... | + | |
- | * Testing changes... | + | |
- | * Installing packages... | + | |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | |
avg-cpu: | avg-cpu: | ||
- | 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.01 | + | 0.14 0.01 0.17 0.05 |
- | Device | + | Device |
- | sda 0.28 | + | dm-0 |
- | sdb | + | dm-1 |
- | scd0 | + | sda 0.66 10.49 |
- | dm-0 | + | sdb 0.00 0.03 |
- | dm-1 | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2898: | Ligne 2850: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | Device | + | Device |
- | sda | + | dm-0 |
- | sdb | + | dm-1 |
- | scd0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 | + | sda |
- | dm-0 0.12 0.19 3.98 1.90 0.00 | + | sdb 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.87 20.00 0.00 |
- | dm-1 0.00 0.00 0.01 | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Les options de cette commande sont : | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# iostat --help | + | |
- | Usage: iostat [ options ] [ < | + | |
- | Options are: | + | |
- | [ -c ] [ -d ] [ -h ] [ -k | -m ] [ -N ] [ -s ] [ -t ] [ -V ] [ -x ] [ -y ] [ -z ] | + | |
- | [ -j { ID | LABEL | PATH | UUID | ... } ] [ --human ] [ -o JSON ] | + | |
- | [ [ -H ] -g < | + | |
- | [ < | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | ====3.4 - La Commande hdparm==== | + | ====4.4 - La Commande hdparm==== |
Pour surveiller la vitesse des entrées et des sorties du disque, vous pouvez utiliser la commande **hdparm** : | Pour surveiller la vitesse des entrées et des sorties du disque, vous pouvez utiliser la commande **hdparm** : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
/dev/sda: | /dev/sda: | ||
- | | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | ====3.5 - La Commande vmstat==== | + | ====4.5 - La Commande vmstat==== |
La commande **vmstat** affiche des statistiques sur la mémoire, la pagination et la charge ponctuelle du processeur : | La commande **vmstat** affiche des statistiques sur la mémoire, la pagination et la charge ponctuelle du processeur : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu----- | procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu----- | ||
| | ||
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 2991: | Ligne 2930: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Usage: | Usage: | ||
Ligne 3019: | Ligne 2958: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ====3.6 - La Commande mpstat==== | + | ====4.6 - La Commande mpstat==== |
La commande **mpstat** affiche des statistiques détaillées sur le CPU : | La commande **mpstat** affiche des statistiques détaillées sur le CPU : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 04:53:22 CPU %usr | + | 01:03:16 PM |
- | 04:53:22 all 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 | + | 01:03:16 PM |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3034: | Ligne 2973: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 04:54:28 CPU %usr | + | 01:03:38 PM |
- | 04:54:28 all 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 | + | 01:03:38 PM |
- | 04:54:28 | + | 01:03:38 PM |
- | 04: | + | 01:03:38 PM 1 0.14 |
- | 04:54:28 | + | 01:03:38 PM 2 0.14 |
- | 04: | + | 01:03:38 PM 3 0.14 |
- | 04:54:28 | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04:54:28 | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3052: | Ligne 2987: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 04:55:11 CPU %usr | + | 01:04:15 PM |
- | 04:55:13 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 | + | 01:04:17 PM |
- | 04:55:13 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:17 PM |
- | 04:55:13 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:17 PM |
- | 04:55:13 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:17 PM |
- | 04:55:13 3 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 | + | 01:04:17 PM |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04:55:13 CPU %usr | + | 01:04:17 PM |
- | 04:55:15 all | + | 01:04:19 PM |
- | 04: | + | 01:04:19 PM |
- | 04:55:15 | + | 01:04:19 PM 1 |
- | 04: | + | 01:04:19 PM 2 |
- | 04:55:15 | + | 01:04:19 PM 3 |
- | 04:55:15 | + | |
- | 04:55:15 | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04:55:15 CPU %usr | + | 01:04:19 PM |
- | 04:55:17 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 | + | 01:04:21 PM |
- | 04:55:17 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:21 PM |
- | 04:55:17 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:21 PM |
- | 04:55:17 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 | + | 01:04:21 PM |
- | 04:55:17 | + | 01:04:21 PM 3 |
- | 04:55:17 | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04:55:17 CPU %usr | + | 01:04:21 PM |
- | 04:55:19 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:23 PM |
- | 04:55:19 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:23 PM |
- | 04:55:19 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 | + | 01:04:23 PM |
- | 04:55:19 | + | 01:04:23 PM 2 |
- | 04:55:19 | + | 01:04:23 PM 3 |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04:55:19 | + | |
- | 04:55:19 | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04:55:19 CPU %usr | + | 01:04:23 PM |
- | 04:55:21 all | + | 01:04:25 PM |
- | 04: | + | 01:04:25 PM |
- | 04:55:21 | + | 01:04:25 PM 1 |
- | 04: | + | 01:04:25 PM 2 |
- | 04:55:21 | + | 01:04:25 PM 3 |
- | 04:55:21 | + | |
- | 04:55:21 | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
- | 04: | + | |
Average: | Average: | ||
- | Average: | + | Average: |
Average: | Average: | ||
Average: | Average: | ||
- | Average: | + | Average: |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | Les options de cette commande sont : | + | ====4.7 - La Commande sar==== |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# mpstat --help | + | |
- | Usage: mpstat [ options ] [ < | + | |
- | Options are: | + | |
- | [ -A ] [ -n ] [ -u ] [ -V ] [ -I { SUM | CPU | SCPU | ALL } ] | + | |
- | [ -N { < | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ====3.7 - La Commande sar==== | + | |
La commande **sar** (**S**ystem **A**ctivity **R**eporter) permet de surveiller toutes les ressources du système selon l' | La commande **sar** (**S**ystem **A**ctivity **R**eporter) permet de surveiller toutes les ressources du système selon l' | ||
- | Sous RHEL/CentOS 8 la commande **/ | + | Sous RedHat 9 la commande **/ |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
sa1 sa2 sadc | sa1 sa2 sadc | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3149: | Ligne 3050: | ||
| -n | Nombre de collectes | | | -n | Nombre de collectes | | ||
- | Le script **/ | + | Le script **/ |
- | < | + | Sous RedHat 9, l' |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# ls / | + | |
- | sa29 s | + | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | ar29 | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Sous CentOS / RHEL 8, l' | + | |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
# / | # / | ||
# (C) 2014 Tomasz Torcz < | # (C) 2014 Tomasz Torcz < | ||
# | # | ||
- | # sysstat-11.7.3 systemd unit file: | + | # sysstat-12.5.4 systemd unit file: |
# Activates activity collector every 10 minutes | # Activates activity collector every 10 minutes | ||
Ligne 3184: | Ligne 3077: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | |
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
[Unit] | [Unit] | ||
Description=Run system activity accounting tool every 2 minutes | Description=Run system activity accounting tool every 2 minutes | ||
Ligne 3202: | Ligne 3096: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# systemctl status sysstat-collect.timer |
+ | ○ sysstat-collect.timer - Run system activity accounting tool every 2 minutes | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Drop-In: / | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Trigger: n/a | ||
+ | | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Démarrez le timer : | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# systemctl start sysstat-collect.timer | ||
+ | |||
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
● sysstat-collect.timer - Run system activity accounting tool every 2 minutes | ● sysstat-collect.timer - Run system activity accounting tool every 2 minutes | ||
- | Loaded: loaded (/ | + | Loaded: loaded (/ |
- | Drop-In: / | + | Drop-In: / |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | Trigger: | + | |
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
- | Jun 29 06:16:04 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: Started Run system activity accounting tool every 10 minutes. | + | Oct 23 13:12:22 redhat9.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: Started Run system activity accounting tool every 2 minutes. |
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Attendez 4 minutes, puis lancez la commande suivante : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | -- Logs begin at Mon 2021-06-28 02:04:10 EDT, end at Tue 2021-06-29 09:18:00 EDT. -- | + | Oct 23 13:14:00 redhat9.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: |
- | Jun 29 06:20:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | Oct 23 13:16:00 redhat9.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: |
- | Jun 29 06:26:29 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 06:30:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 06:40:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 06:50:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:00:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:10:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:20:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:30:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:40:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:50:33 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:53:56 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:54:00 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:56:00 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 07:58:00 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | Jun 29 08:00:00 centos8.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: sysstat-collect.service: | + | |
- | ... | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | Saisissez la commande | + | Saisissez la commande |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | + | ||
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- | 07: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
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- | 09: | + | |
- | 09:12:00 CPU | + | 01:14:00 PM CPU |
- | 09:14:00 | + | 01:16:00 PM all 0.09 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 99.81 |
- | 09: | + | Average: |
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3313: | Ligne 3148: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 09:22:52 | + | 01:17:30 PM CPU |
- | 09:22:57 | + | 01:17:35 PM all 0.00 |
- | 09:23:02 | + | 01:17:40 PM all 0.00 |
- | 09:23:07 | + | 01:17:45 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.05 |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3326: | Ligne 3161: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 01:49:14 | + | 01:18:19 PM CPU %usr |
- | 01:49:19 | + | 01:18:24 PM all 0.00 |
- | 01:49:24 | + | 01:18:29 PM all 0.00 |
- | 01:49:29 | + | 01:18:34 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3339: | Ligne 3174: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 01:51:52 | + | 01:19:18 PM CPU |
- | 01:51:57 | + | 01:19:23 PM 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 |
- | 01:52:02 | + | 01:19:28 PM 1 0.00 |
- | 01:52:07 | + | 01:19:33 PM 1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# sar -u -P 5 5 3 | + | |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | |
- | 01:52:16 | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# sar -u -P 3 5 3 |
- | 01:52:21 5 0.00 | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 01:52:26 5 | + | |
- | 01:52:31 5 0.00 | + | 01:19:57 PM CPU |
- | Average: | + | 01:20:02 PM |
+ | 01:20:07 PM | ||
+ | 01:20:12 PM | ||
+ | Average: | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3362: | Ligne 3198: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 07:33:32 | + | 01:21:09 PM kbmemfree |
- | 07:33:37 1647240 | + | 01:21:14 PM |
- | 07:33:42 1647232 | + | 01:21:19 PM |
- | 07:33:47 1647232 | + | 01:21:24 PM |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3375: | Ligne 3211: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 07:31:58 | + | 01:21:48 PM kbswpfree kbswpused |
- | 07:32:03 3358716 | + | 01:21:53 PM |
- | 07:32:08 3358716 | + | 01:21:58 PM |
- | 07:32:13 3358716 | + | 01:22:03 PM |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3390: | Ligne 3226: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | 09:24:49 | + | 01:22:37 PM tps rtps wtps |
- | 09:24:54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 | + | 01:22:42 PM 0.00 0.00 |
- | 09:24:59 1.20 | + | 01:22:47 PM 0.00 |
- | 09:25:04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 | + | 01:22:52 PM 0.00 0.00 |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3405: | Ligne 3241: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | Linux 5.14.0-427.37.1.el9_4.x86_64 (redhat9.ittraining.loc) |
- | + | ||
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
- | 09: | + | |
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- | 09: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | 09: | + | |
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- | 09: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
- | Average: | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | La colonne **DEV** indentifie les disques par leurs majeurs et mineurs. Pour voir les informations avec les noms des disques, ajoutez l' | + | |
- | + | ||
- | < | + | |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# sar -p -d 5 3 | + | |
- | Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64 (centos8.ittraining.loc) | + | |
- | 07:48:32 | + | 01:23:14 PM DEV |
- | 07:48:37 | + | 01:23:19 PM sda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 |
- | 07:48:37 | + | 01:23:19 PM sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 |
- | 07:48:37 sr0 0.00 | + | 01:23:19 PM dm-0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 |
- | 07: | + | 01:23:19 PM dm-1 |
- | 07:48:37 cl_centos8-swap | + | |
- | 07:48:37 | + | 01:23:19 PM DEV |
- | 07:48:42 | + | 01:23:24 PM sda 0.20 |
- | 07:48:42 | + | 01:23:24 PM sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 |
- | 07:48:42 sr0 0.00 0.00 | + | 01:23:24 PM dm-0 0.20 |
- | 07:48:42 cl_centos8-root | + | 01:23:24 PM dm-1 |
- | 07: | + | |
- | 07:48:42 | + | 01:23:24 PM DEV |
- | 07:48:47 | + | 01:23:29 PM sda |
- | 07:48:47 | + | 01:23:29 PM sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 |
- | 07:48:47 sr0 0.00 | + | 01:23:29 PM dm-0 |
- | 07: | + | 01:23:29 PM dm-1 |
- | 07:48:47 cl_centos8-swap | + | |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
Average: | Average: | ||
- | Average: | + | Average: |
- | Average: | + | Average: |
- | Average: | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3475: | Ligne 3272: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Usage: sar [ options ] [ < | Usage: sar [ options ] [ < | ||
Main options and reports (report name between square brackets): | Main options and reports (report name between square brackets): | ||
Ligne 3518: | Ligne 3315: | ||
FC Fibre channel HBAs | FC Fibre channel HBAs | ||
SOFT Software-based network processing | SOFT Software-based network processing | ||
- | -q Queue length and load average statistics [A_QUEUE] | + | -q [ < |
+ | System load and pressure-stall statistics | ||
+ | Keywords are: | ||
+ | LOAD | ||
+ | CPU | ||
+ | IO Pressure-stall I/O statistics [A_PSI_IO] | ||
+ | MEM | ||
-r [ ALL ] | -r [ ALL ] | ||
Memory utilization statistics [A_MEMORY] | Memory utilization statistics [A_MEMORY] | ||
Ligne 3586: | Ligne 3389: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
# see udev.conf(5) for details | # see udev.conf(5) for details | ||
# | # | ||
Ligne 3592: | Ligne 3395: | ||
# also want to rebuild the initrd, so that it will include the modified configuration. | # also want to rebuild the initrd, so that it will include the modified configuration. | ||
- | #udev_log="info" | + | # |
+ | # | ||
+ | # | ||
+ | # | ||
+ | # | ||
+ | # | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3598: | Ligne 3406: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | 01-md-raid-creating.rules | + | 01-md-raid-creating.rules |
- | 10-dm.rules | + | 10-dm.rules |
- | 11-dm-lvm.rules | + | 11-dm-lvm.rules |
- | 11-dm-mpath.rules | + | 11-dm-mpath.rules |
- | 11-dm-parts.rules | + | 11-dm-parts.rules |
- | 13-dm-disk.rules | + | 13-dm-disk.rules |
- | 39-usbmuxd.rules | + | 40-elevator.rules |
- | 40-elevator.rules | + | 40-libgphoto2.rules |
- | 40-libgphoto2.rules | + | 40-redhat.rules |
- | 40-redhat.rules | + | 40-usb-blacklist.rules |
- | 40-usb-blacklist.rules | + | 40-usb_modeswitch.rules |
- | 40-usb_modeswitch.rules | + | 50-udev-default.rules |
- | 50-udev-default.rules | + | 60-autosuspend.rules |
- | 60-alias-kmsg.rules | + | 60-block.rules |
- | 60-block.rules | + | 60-cdrom_id.rules |
- | 60-cdrom_id.rules | + | 60-drm.rules |
- | 60-drm.rules | + | 60-evdev.rules |
- | 60-evdev.rules | + | 60-fido-id.rules |
- | 60-fido-id.rules | + | 60_flashrom.rules |
- | 60-input-id.rules | + | 60-input-id.rules |
- | 60-libfprint-2-autosuspend.rules | + | 60-net.rules |
- | 60-net.rules | + | |
- | 60-persistent-alsa.rules | + | |
- | 60-persistent-input.rules | + | |
- | 60-persistent-storage.rules | + | |
- | 60-persistent-storage-tape.rules | + | |
- | 60-persistent-v4l.rules | + | |
- | 60-raw.rules | + | |
- | 60-rdma-ndd.rules | + | |
- | 60-rdma-persistent-naming.rules | + | |
- | 60-sensor.rules | + | |
- | 60-serial.rules | + | |
- | 60-tpm-udev.rules | + | |
- | 61-gdm.rules | + | |
- | 61-gnome-bluetooth-rfkill.rules | + | |
- | 61-gnome-settings-daemon-rfkill.rules | + | |
- | 61-scsi-sg3_id.rules | + | |
- | 62-multipath.rules | + | |
- | 63-fc-wwpn-id.rules | + | |
- | 63-md-raid-arrays.rules | + | |
- | 63-scsi-sg3_symlink.rules | + | |
- | 64-btrfs.rules | + | |
- | 64-md-raid-assembly.rules | + | |
- | 65-libwacom.rules | + | |
- | 65-md-incremental.rules | + | |
- | 65-sane-backends.rules | + | |
- | 66-kpartx.rules | + | |
- | 68-del-part-nodes.rules | + | |
- | 69-btattach-bcm.rules | + | |
- | 69-cd-sensors.rules | + | |
- | 69-dm-lvm-metad.rules | + | |
- | 69-libmtp.rules | + | |
- | 69-md-clustered-confirm-device.rules | + | |
- | 70-hypervfcopy.rules | + | |
- | 70-hypervkvp.rules | + | |
- | 70-hypervvss.rules | + | |
- | 70-joystick.rules | + | |
- | 70-mouse.rules | + | |
- | 70-nvmf-autoconnect.rules | + | |
- | 70-power-switch.rules | + | |
- | 70-printers.rules | + | |
- | 70-spice-vdagentd.rules | + | |
- | 70-touchpad.rules | + | |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3671: | Ligne 3437: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
# do not edit this file, it will be overwritten on update | # do not edit this file, it will be overwritten on update | ||
Ligne 3677: | Ligne 3443: | ||
ACTION==" | ACTION==" | ||
ACTION==" | ACTION==" | ||
+ | |||
+ | # The md driver increments diskseq *after* emitting ' | ||
+ | # Drop the line below if it is fixed on the kernel side. | ||
+ | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
SUBSYSTEM==" | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
Ligne 3686: | Ligne 3456: | ||
SUBSYSTEM==" | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
ENV{MODALIAS}!="", | ENV{MODALIAS}!="", | ||
+ | |||
+ | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
ACTION!=" | ACTION!=" | ||
Ligne 3712: | Ligne 3484: | ||
SUBSYSTEM==" | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
SUBSYSTEM==" | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
+ | |||
+ | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
+ | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
+ | |||
+ | # When using static_node= with non-default permissions, | ||
+ | # tmpfiles.d/ | ||
SUBSYSTEM==" | SUBSYSTEM==" | ||
Ligne 3746: | Ligne 3524: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | P: / | + | P: / |
+ | M: sda | ||
+ | U: block | ||
+ | T: disk | ||
+ | D: b 8:0 | ||
N: sda | N: sda | ||
- | S: disk/ | + | L: 0 |
- | S: disk/ | + | S: disk/ |
- | S: disk/by-id/scsi-1ATA_QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005 | + | S: disk/by-path/pci-0000:01:01.0-scsi-0:0:0:0 |
- | S: disk/by-id/scsi-SATA_QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005 | + | S: disk/by-diskseq/1 |
- | S: disk/by-path/pci-0000:00: | + | Q: 1 |
- | E: DEVLINKS=/dev/disk/by-path/ | + | E: DEVPATH=/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:05.0/0000: |
E: DEVNAME=/ | E: DEVNAME=/ | ||
- | E: DEVPATH=/ | ||
E: DEVTYPE=disk | E: DEVTYPE=disk | ||
- | E: ID_ATA=1 | + | E: DISKSEQ=1 |
- | E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART=1 | + | E: MAJOR=8 |
- | E: ID_ATA_FEATURE_SET_SMART_ENABLED=1 | + | E: MINOR=0 |
- | E: ID_ATA_SATA=1 | + | E: SUBSYSTEM=block |
- | E: ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE=1 | + | E: USEC_INITIALIZED=11296575 |
- | E: ID_ATA_WRITE_CACHE_ENABLED=1 | + | E: ID_SCSI=1 |
- | E: ID_BUS=ata | + | E: ID_VENDOR=QEMU |
+ | E: ID_VENDOR_ENC=QEMU\x20\x20\x20\x20 | ||
E: ID_MODEL=QEMU_HARDDISK | E: ID_MODEL=QEMU_HARDDISK | ||
E: ID_MODEL_ENC=QEMU\x20HARDDISK\x20\x20\x20 | E: ID_MODEL_ENC=QEMU\x20HARDDISK\x20\x20\x20 | ||
- | E: ID_PART_TABLE_TYPE=dos | ||
- | E: ID_PART_TABLE_UUID=b39ec5c8 | ||
- | E: ID_PATH=pci-0000: | ||
- | E: ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_00_07_0-ata-1 | ||
E: ID_REVISION=2.5+ | E: ID_REVISION=2.5+ | ||
- | E: ID_SCSI=1 | ||
- | E: ID_SCSI_INQUIRY=1 | ||
- | E: ID_SERIAL=QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005 | ||
- | E: ID_SERIAL_SHORT=QM00005 | ||
E: ID_TYPE=disk | E: ID_TYPE=disk | ||
- | E: ID_VENDOR=ATA | + | E: ID_SERIAL=0QEMU_QEMU_HARDDISK_drive-scsi0 |
- | E: ID_VENDOR_ENC=ATA\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20 | + | E: ID_SERIAL_SHORT=drive-scsi0 |
- | E: MAJOR=8 | + | E: ID_BUS=scsi |
- | E: MINOR=0 | + | E: ID_PATH=pci-0000: |
- | E: SCSI_IDENT_LUN_ATA=QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005 | + | E: ID_PATH_TAG=pci-0000_01_01_0-scsi-0_0_0_0 |
- | E: SCSI_IDENT_LUN_T10=ATA_QEMU_HARDDISK_QM00005 | + | E: ID_PART_TABLE_UUID=d00dfc8a |
- | E: SCSI_IDENT_LUN_VENDOR=QM00005 | + | E: ID_PART_TABLE_TYPE=dos |
- | E: SCSI_IDENT_SERIAL=QM00005 | + | E: SCSI_TPGS=0 |
+ | E: SCSI_TYPE=disk | ||
+ | E: SCSI_VENDOR=QEMU | ||
+ | E: SCSI_VENDOR_ENC=QEMU\x20\x20\x20\x20 | ||
E: SCSI_MODEL=QEMU_HARDDISK | E: SCSI_MODEL=QEMU_HARDDISK | ||
E: SCSI_MODEL_ENC=QEMU\x20HARDDISK\x20\x20\x20 | E: SCSI_MODEL_ENC=QEMU\x20HARDDISK\x20\x20\x20 | ||
E: SCSI_REVISION=2.5+ | E: SCSI_REVISION=2.5+ | ||
- | E: SCSI_TPGS=0 | + | E: ID_SCSI_INQUIRY=1 |
- | E: SCSI_TYPE=disk | + | E: SCSI_IDENT_LUN_VENDOR=drive-scsi0 |
- | E: SCSI_VENDOR=ATA | + | E: DEVLINKS=/ |
- | E: SCSI_VENDOR_ENC=ATA\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20 | + | |
- | E: SUBSYSTEM=block | + | |
E: TAGS=: | E: TAGS=: | ||
- | E: USEC_INITIALIZED=8735808 | + | E: CURRENT_TAGS=:systemd: |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3802: | Ligne 3577: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
udevadm [--help] [--version] [--debug] COMMAND [COMMAND OPTIONS] | udevadm [--help] [--version] [--debug] COMMAND [COMMAND OPTIONS] | ||
Ligne 3815: | Ligne 3590: | ||
test Test an event run | test Test an event run | ||
test-builtin | test-builtin | ||
+ | wait Wait for device or device symlink | ||
+ | lock Lock a block device | ||
+ | |||
+ | See the udevadm(8) man page for details. | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
udevadm info [OPTIONS] [DEVPATH|FILE] | udevadm info [OPTIONS] [DEVPATH|FILE] | ||
Ligne 3829: | Ligne 3608: | ||
| | ||
| | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
-p --path=SYSPATH | -p --path=SYSPATH | ||
-n --name=NAME | -n --name=NAME | ||
Ligne 3834: | Ligne 3615: | ||
-a --attribute-walk | -a --attribute-walk | ||
of parent devices | of parent devices | ||
+ | -t --tree | ||
-d --device-id-of-file=FILE Print major:minor of device containing this file | -d --device-id-of-file=FILE Print major:minor of device containing this file | ||
-x --export | -x --export | ||
Ligne 3839: | Ligne 3621: | ||
-e --export-db | -e --export-db | ||
-c --cleanup-db | -c --cleanup-db | ||
+ | -w --wait-for-initialization[=SECONDS] | ||
+ | Wait for device to be initialized | ||
+ | | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3848: | Ligne 3633: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
total 0 | total 0 | ||
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | drwxr-xr-x. | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3885: | Ligne 3670: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
2097152 | 2097152 | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 3891: | Ligne 3676: | ||
Ce chiffre correspond aux nombre de secteurs. | Ce chiffre correspond aux nombre de secteurs. | ||
- | =====LAB #4 - Limitation des ressources===== | + | =====LAB #5 - Limitation des ressources===== |
- | ====4.1 - ulimit==== | + | ====5.1 - ulimit==== |
Les ressources disponibles aux utilisateurs peuvent être limitées par l' | Les ressources disponibles aux utilisateurs peuvent être limitées par l' | ||
Ligne 3904: | Ligne 3689: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
# / | # / | ||
# | # | ||
Ligne 3913: | Ligne 3698: | ||
#which are read in alphabetical order, override the settings in this | #which are read in alphabetical order, override the settings in this | ||
#file in case the domain is the same or more specific. | #file in case the domain is the same or more specific. | ||
- | #That means for example that setting a limit for wildcard domain here | + | #That means, for example, that setting a limit for wildcard domain here |
- | #can be overriden | + | #can be overridden |
- | # | + | # |
#with a user specific setting in the subdirectory. | #with a user specific setting in the subdirectory. | ||
# | # | ||
Ligne 3990: | Ligne 3775: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | core file size (blocks, -c) unlimited | + | real-time non-blocking time (microseconds, |
- | data seg size | + | core file size (blocks, -c) 0 |
- | scheduling priority | + | data seg size |
- | file size | + | scheduling priority |
- | pending signals | + | file size |
- | max locked memory | + | pending signals |
- | max memory size | + | max locked memory |
- | open files (-n) 1024 | + | max memory size |
- | pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 | + | open files (-n) 1024 |
- | POSIX message queues | + | pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 |
- | real-time priority | + | POSIX message queues |
- | stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 | + | real-time priority |
- | cpu time | + | stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 |
- | max user processes | + | cpu time |
- | virtual memory | + | max user processes |
- | file locks (-x) unlimited | + | virtual memory |
+ | file locks (-x) unlimited | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 4014: | Ligne 3800: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
ulimit: ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limit] | ulimit: ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limit] | ||
Modify shell resource limits. | Modify shell resource limits. | ||
Ligne 4044: | Ligne 3830: | ||
-x the maximum number of file locks | -x the maximum number of file locks | ||
-P the maximum number of pseudoterminals | -P the maximum number of pseudoterminals | ||
+ | -R the maximum time a real-time process can run before blocking | ||
-T the maximum number of threads | -T the maximum number of threads | ||
| | ||
Ligne 4062: | Ligne 3849: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ====4.2 - Groupes de Contrôle==== | + | ====5.2 - Groupes de Contrôle==== |
Les **Groupes de Contrôles** (//Control Groups//) aussi appelés **CGroups**, | Les **Groupes de Contrôles** (//Control Groups//) aussi appelés **CGroups**, | ||
- | Les groupes de contrôle sont organisés de manière hiérarchique, | + | Les groupes de contrôle |
- | Ces hiérarchies multiples et séparés sont necéssaires parce que chaque hiérarchie est attaché à un ou plusieurs **sous-système(s)** aussi appelés des **Contrôleurs de Ressources** ou simplement des **Contrôleurs**. Les contrôleurs disponibles | + | Ces hiérarchies multiples et séparés sont necéssaires parce que chaque hiérarchie est attaché à un ou plusieurs **sous-système(s)** aussi appelés des **Contrôleurs de Ressources** ou simplement des **Contrôleurs**. Les contrôleurs disponibles sont : |
* **blkio** - utilisé pour établir des limites sur l' | * **blkio** - utilisé pour établir des limites sur l' | ||
Ligne 4081: | Ligne 3868: | ||
* **hugetlb** - utilisé pour limiter des ressources sur des pages de mémoire virtuelle de grande taille. | * **hugetlb** - utilisé pour limiter des ressources sur des pages de mémoire virtuelle de grande taille. | ||
- | Pour visualiser les hiérarchies, il convient | + | A l' |
+ | |||
+ | Pour vérifier l' | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | bash: lssubsys: command not found... | + | cgroup2 on / |
- | Install package ' | + | </code> |
+ | et de consulter le contenu de ce point de montage : | ||
- | * Waiting in queue... | + | < |
- | The following packages have to be installed: | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# ls -l / |
- | libcgroup-0.41-19.el8.x86_64 | + | total 0 |
- | libcgroup-tools-0.41-19.el8.x86_64 | + | -r--r--r--. |
- | Proceed with changes? [N/y] y | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 cgroup.max.depth |
- | + | -rw-r--r--. | |
- | + | -rw-r--r--. | |
- | * Waiting in queue... | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 cgroup.stat |
- | * Waiting for authentication... | + | -rw-r--r--. |
- | * Waiting in queue... | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 cgroup.threads |
- | * Downloading packages... | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 cpuset.cpus.effective |
- | * Requesting data... | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 cpuset.cpus.isolated |
- | * Testing changes... | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 cpuset.mems.effective |
- | * Installing packages... | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 cpu.stat |
- | cpuset / | + | drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 dev-hugepages.mount |
- | cpu,cpuacct / | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | blkio / | + | drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 init.scope |
- | memory / | + | -r--r--r--. |
- | devices / | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 memory.numa_stat |
- | freezer / | + | --w-------. |
- | net_cls, | + | -r--r--r--. |
- | perf_event /sys/ | + | -r--r--r--. |
- | hugetlb /sys/ | + | -r--r--r--. |
- | pids /sys/ | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
- | rdma / | + | drwxr-xr-x. |
+ | drwxr-xr-x. | ||
+ | drwxr-xr-x. | ||
+ | drwxr-xr-x. 37 root root 0 Oct 23 13:46 system.slice | ||
+ | drwxr-xr-x. | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | < | + | Sous RedHat 9, **Systemd** organise les processus dans chaque CGroup. Par exemple tous les processus démarrés par le serveur Apache se trouveront dans le même CGroup, y compris les scripts CGI. Ceci implique que la gestion des ressources en utilisant des hiérarchies est couplé avec l' |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# lssubsys -am | + | |
- | cpuset / | + | |
- | cpu,cpuacct / | + | |
- | blkio / | + | |
- | memory / | + | |
- | devices / | + | |
- | freezer / | + | |
- | net_cls, | + | |
- | perf_event / | + | |
- | hugetlb / | + | |
- | pids / | + | |
- | rdma / | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Sous RHEL/CentOS 8, **Systemd** organise les processus dans chaque CGroup. Par exemple tous les processus démarrés par le serveur Apache se trouveront dans le même CGroup, y compris les scripts CGI. Ceci implique que la gestion des ressources en utilisant des hiérarchies est couplé avec l' | + | |
En haut de l' | En haut de l' | ||
Ligne 4147: | Ligne 3926: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | UNIT LOAD | + | UNIT LOAD |
- | -.slice | + | -.slice |
- | machine.slice | + | system-getty.slice |
- | system-getty.slice | + | system-modprobe.slice |
- | system-lvm2\x2dpvscan.slice | + | system-sshd\x2dkeygen.slice |
- | system-sshd\x2dkeygen.slice | + | system-systemd\x2dhibernate\x2dresume.slice loaded active active |
- | system-systemd\x2dfsck.slice | + | system.slice |
- | system-systemd\x2dhibernate\x2dresume.slice loaded active active system-systemd\x2dhibernate\x2dresume.slice | + | user-1000.slice |
- | system-user\x2druntime\x2ddir.slice | + | user-42.slice |
- | system-vncserver.slice | + | user.slice |
- | system.slice | + | |
- | user-1000.slice | + | |
- | user-42.slice | + | |
- | user.slice | + | |
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded. | LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded. | ||
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB. | ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB. | ||
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type. | SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type. | ||
- | + | 9 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too. | |
- | 13 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too. | + | |
To show all installed unit files use ' | To show all installed unit files use ' | ||
</ | </ | ||
Ligne 4174: | Ligne 3948: | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
Control group /: | Control group /: | ||
-.slice | -.slice | ||
- | ├─user.slice | + | ├─user.slice |
- | │ ├─user-42.slice | + | │ → user.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ ├─session-c1.scope | + | │ → trusted.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ │ ├─1317 gdm-session-worker [pam/ | + | │ ├─user-42.slice |
- | │ │ │ ├─1459 / | + | │ │ → user.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ │ ├─1856 / | + | │ │ → trusted.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ │ ├─1882 / | + | │ │ ├─session-c1.scope |
- | │ │ │ ├─2059 /usr/bin/Xwayland :1024 -rootless | + | │ │ │ → user.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ │ ├─2132 ibus-daemon --xim --panel disable | + | │ │ │ → trusted.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ │ ├─2135 | + | │ │ │ ├─1036 gdm-session-worker [pam/ |
- | │ │ │ ├─2138 /usr/libexec/ibus-x11 --kill-daemon | + | │ │ │ ├─1626 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2251 | + | │ │ │ ├─1631 dbus-run-session -- gnome-session --autostart / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2261 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1632 dbus-daemon --nofork --print-address 4 --session |
- | │ │ │ ├─2268 /usr/libexec/gsd-clipboard | + | │ │ │ ├─1633 |
- | │ │ │ ├─2271 | + | │ │ │ ├─1641 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2272 | + | │ │ │ ├─1660 /usr/libexec/at-spi-bus-launcher |
- | │ │ │ ├─2273 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1665 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2274 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1671 /usr/bin/Xwayland :1024 -rootless |
- | │ │ │ ├─2275 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1678 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2280 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1741 /usr/bin/gjs /usr/share/gnome-shell/org.gnome.Shell.Notifications |
- | │ │ │ ├─2281 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1743 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2283 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1747 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2284 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1749 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2285 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1752 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2290 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1753 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2321 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1754 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2328 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1755 / |
- | │ │ │ ├─2333 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1756 / |
- | │ │ │ └─2432 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1757 / |
- | │ │ └─user@42.service | + | │ │ │ ├─1758 / |
- | │ │ ├─xdg-permission-store.service | + | │ │ │ ├─1759 / |
- | │ │ │ └─2170 | + | │ │ │ ├─1764 / |
- | │ │ ├─pulseaudio.service | + | │ │ │ ├─1765 / |
- | │ │ │ └─1455 / | + | │ │ │ ├─1766 / |
- | │ │ ├─init.scope | + | │ │ │ ├─1767 /usr/libexec/gsd-power |
- | │ │ │ ├─1357 | + | │ │ │ ├─1887 / |
- | │ │ │ └─1377 (sd-pam) | + | │ │ │ ├─2038 /usr/bin/gjs /usr/share/gnome-shell/org.gnome.ScreenSaver |
- | │ │ | + | │ │ │ ├─2042 ibus-daemon --panel disable |
- | │ │ │ ├─2090 / | + | │ │ │ ├─2053 / |
- | │ │ | + | │ │ │ ├─2055 / |
- | │ │ │ └─2098 / | + | │ │ │ ├─2060 / |
- | │ │ └─dbus.service | + | │ │ │ └─2081 / |
- | │ │ ├─1755 / | + | │ │ └─user@42.service |
- | │ │ └─2143 / | + | │ │ → user.delegate: 1 |
- | │ └─user-1000.slice | + | │ │ → trusted.delegate: 1 |
- | │ ├─user@1000.service | + | │ │ → user.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ ├─gvfs-goa-volume-monitor.service | + | │ │ → trusted.invocation_id: |
- | │ │ │ └─2369 | + | │ │ |
- | │ │ ├─xdg-permission-store.service | + | │ │ │ ├─pipewire-pulse.service |
- | │ | + | │ │ │ │ └─1696 /usr/bin/pipewire-pulse |
- | │ │ ├─tracker-store.service | + | │ │ │ ├─wireplumber.service |
- | │ │ │ └─2653 / | + | │ │ │ │ └─1695 /usr/bin/wireplumber |
- | │ | + | │ │ │ └─pipewire.service |
- | │ │ │ ├─2605 / | + | --More-- |
- | │ │ │ └─2706 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─pulseaudio.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─1456 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─gvfs-daemon.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─1896 / | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─1901 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─evolution-source-registry.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─2206 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─gvfs-udisks2-volume-monitor.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─2243 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─init.scope | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─1239 / | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─1318 | + | |
- | │ │ ├─gvfs-gphoto2-volume-monitor.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─2269 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─at-spi-dbus-bus.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─1964 / | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─1969 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --config-file=/ | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─1972 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─dbus.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─1786 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --session --address=systemd: | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─2183 / | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─2201 / | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─2225 / | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─2397 / | + | |
- | │ | + | |
- | │ │ ├─evolution-addressbook-factory.service | + | |
- | │ │ │ ├─2727 / | + | |
- | │ │ │ └─2771 / | + | |
- | │ │ ├─gvfs-mtp-volume-monitor.service | + | |
- | lines 44-86 | + | |
</ | </ | ||
En utilisant Systemd, plusieurs ressources peuvent être limitées : | En utilisant Systemd, plusieurs ressources peuvent être limitées : | ||
- | * **CPUShares** - par défault 1024, | + | * **CPUWeight** - par défault 1024, |
* **MemoryLimit** - limite exprimée en Mo ou en Go. Pas de valeur par défaut, | * **MemoryLimit** - limite exprimée en Mo ou en Go. Pas de valeur par défaut, | ||
* **BlockIOWeight** - valeur entre 10 et 1000. Pas de valeur par défaut, | * **BlockIOWeight** - valeur entre 10 et 1000. Pas de valeur par défaut, | ||
- | * **StartupCPUShares** - comme CPUShares mais uniquement appliqué pendant le démarrage, | + | * **StartupCPUWeight** - comme CPUShares mais uniquement appliqué pendant le démarrage, |
* **StartupBlockIOWeight** - comme BlockIOWeight mais uniquement appliqué pendant le démarrage, | * **StartupBlockIOWeight** - comme BlockIOWeight mais uniquement appliqué pendant le démarrage, | ||
* **CPUQuota** - utilisé pour limiter le temps CPU, même quand le système ne fait rien. | * **CPUQuota** - utilisé pour limiter le temps CPU, même quand le système ne fait rien. | ||
Ligne 4277: | Ligne 4020: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ===Limitation de la Mémoire=== | + | Commencez par créer le cgroup enfant **pids** dans le cgroup racine : |
- | Commencez par créer | + | < |
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# mkdir / | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Placez | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | 78735 |
- | #!/bin/bash | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | while [ 1 ]; do | + | |
- | echo "hello world" | + | |
- | sleep 360 | + | |
- | done | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | Rendez | + | Contrôlez maintenant |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | 78735 |
- | hello world | + | 81077 |
- | ^C | + | |
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
+ | 2 | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Créez | + | <WRAP center round important > |
+ | **Important** - Notez que le fichier cgroup.procs contient **deux** PIDs. Le premier est celui du Shell tandis que le deuxième est celui de la commande cat. | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Injectez | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
</ | </ | ||
- | Par défaut, ce CGroup héritera de l' | + | Lancez |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# cat / | + | [1] 81126 |
- | 39997440 | + | [2] 81127 |
+ | [3] 81128 | ||
+ | [4] 81129 | ||
+ | -bash: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable | ||
+ | -bash: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable | ||
+ | -bash: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable | ||
+ | -bash: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable | ||
+ | -bash: fork: Resource temporarily unavailable | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | <WRAP center round important | + | <WRAP center round important > |
- | **Important** - Notez que les 40 000 000 demandés sont devenus 39 997 440 ce qui correspond | + | **Important** - Notez qu'à la tentative |
</ | </ | ||
- | Lancez maintenant | + | Dernièrement, |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [1] 35148 | + | rmdir: failed to remove '/ |
+ | [1] Done sleep 60 | ||
+ | [2] | ||
+ | [3]- Done sleep 60 | ||
+ | [4]+ Done sleep 60 | ||
+ | </ | ||
- | [root@centos8 ~]# hello world | + | <WRAP center round important > |
- | [Entrée] | + | **Important** - Notez qu'il n'est pas possible de supprimer un cgroup tant que celui-ci contient un processus. |
+ | </ | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | Déplacez le processus du terminal courant dans le cgroup racine : |
- | root | + | |
- | root | + | < |
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Notez qu'il n'y a pas de limite de la mémoire, ce qui implique l' | + | Il est maintenant possible |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | CGROUP | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# |
- | 12:memory:/user.slice/user-1000.slice/session-7.scope, | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | Insérer le PID de notre script dans le CGroup | + | Il existe deux façons |
+ | |||
+ | * **CPU bandwidth**, | ||
+ | * un système de limitation basé sur un pourcentage de CPU pour un ou plusieurs processus, | ||
+ | * **CPU weight**, | ||
+ | * un système de limitation basé sur la prioritisassion d'un ou de plusieurs processus par rapports aux autres processus. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans l' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Commencez par créer un service appelé | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# cat / | ||
+ | [Unit] | ||
+ | Description=The foo service that does nothing useful | ||
+ | After=remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target | ||
+ | |||
+ | [Service] | ||
+ | ExecStart=/usr/bin/sha1sum | ||
+ | ExecStop=/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | [Install] | ||
+ | WantedBy=multi-user.target | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Notez maintenant l' | + | Démarrez et activez le service |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | CGROUP | + | Created symlink |
- | 12:memory:/helloworld, | + | |
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# systemctl status foo.service | ||
+ | ● foo.service - The foo service that does nothing useful | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Main PID: 81361 (sha1sum) | ||
+ | Tasks: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | CPU: 10.270s | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | Oct 23 13:59:27 redhat9.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: Started The foo service that does nothing useful. | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Constatez ensuite l' | + | Utilisez la commande **ps** pour voir le pourcentage de la CPU utilisé par ce service |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | 274432 | + | PID COMMAND |
+ | 81361 sha1sum | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Tuez le script | + | Créez maintenant un autre service dénommé |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | root | + | [Unit] |
- | [1]+ Terminated | + | Description=The bar service that does nothing useful |
+ | After=remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target | ||
+ | |||
+ | [Service] | ||
+ | ExecStart=/usr/ | ||
+ | ExecStop=/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | [Install] | ||
+ | WantedBy=multi-user.target | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Créez un second CGroup beaucoup plus restrictif | + | Démarrez et activez le service |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# echo 6000 > /sys/fs/cgroup/memory/helloworld1/ | + | Created symlink |
- | [root@centos8 | + | |
- | 4096 | + | [root@redhat9 |
+ | ● bar.service - The bar service that does nothing useful | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | Main PID: 81448 (md5sum) | ||
+ | Tasks: 1 (limit: 48800) | ||
+ | | ||
+ | CPU: 21.195s | ||
+ | | ||
+ | └─81448 / | ||
+ | |||
+ | Oct 23 14:01:46 redhat9.ittraining.loc systemd[1]: Started The bar service that does nothing useful. | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Relancez le script | + | Utilisez la commande |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [1] 35389 | + | PID COMMAND |
+ | 81448 md5sum | ||
+ | </ | ||
- | [root@centos8 ~]# hello world | + | Vérifiez maintenant la présence des contrôleurs **cpuset** et **cpu** dans l' |
- | [Entrée] | + | |
- | [root@centos8 | + | < |
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
+ | cpuset cpu io memory hugetlb pids rdma misc | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Attendez la prochaine sortie de **hello world** sur le canal standard puis constatez que le script s' | + | Activez maintenant le contrôleur |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [Entrée] | + | cpu io memory pids |
- | [1]+ Killed | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | ===La Commande cgcreate=== | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# echo " |
- | Cette commande permet la création d'un CGroup | + | [root@redhat9 ~]# cat / |
+ | cpuset cpu io memory pids | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Créez le cgroup **enfant** appelé **FooBar** | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | |
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
total 0 | total 0 | ||
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 cgroup.clone_children | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.controllers |
- | --w--w----. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 cgroup.event_control | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.events |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 cgroup.procs | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.freeze |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.failcnt | + | --w-------. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.kill |
- | --w--w----. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.force_empty | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.max.depth |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.failcnt | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.max.descendants |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.procs |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.stat |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.slabinfo | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.subtree_control |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.tcp.failcnt | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.threads |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.tcp.limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cgroup.type |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.tcp.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpu.idle |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.tcp.usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpu.max |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.kmem.usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpu.max.burst |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpuset.cpus |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpuset.cpus.effective |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.memsw.failcnt | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpuset.cpus.exclusive |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.memsw.limit_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpuset.cpus.exclusive.effective |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.memsw.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpuset.cpus.partition |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpuset.mems |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.move_charge_at_immigrate | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpuset.mems.effective |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.numa_stat | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpu.stat |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.oom_control | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpu.weight |
- | ----------. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.pressure_level | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 cpu.weight.nice |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.soft_limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 io.bfq.weight |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.stat | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 io.latency |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.swappiness | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 io.max |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.usage_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 io.stat |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 memory.use_hierarchy | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.current |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 notify_on_release | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.events |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:39 tasks | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.events.local |
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.high | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.low | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.max | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.min | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.numa_stat | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.oom.group | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.peak | ||
+ | --w-------. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.reclaim | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.stat | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.swap.current | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.swap.events | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.swap.high | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.swap.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.swap.peak | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.zswap.current | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 memory.zswap.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 pids.current | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 pids.events | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 pids.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:06 pids.peak | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | Il n' | + | Activez les contrôleurs **cpuset** et **cpu** |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
+ | |||
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# echo " | ||
+ | |||
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# cat / | ||
+ | cpuset cpu io memory pids | ||
+ | cpuset cpu | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ==La Commande cgexec== | + | <WRAP center round important > |
+ | **Important** - Notez qu'il n'est pas possible d' | ||
+ | </ | ||
- | Cette commande permet d' | + | Créez maintenant |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [1] 37670 | + | |
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [Entrée] | + | total 0 |
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.controllers | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.events | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.freeze | ||
+ | --w-------. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.kill | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.max.depth | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.max.descendants | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.procs | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.stat | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.subtree_control | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.threads | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cgroup.type | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpu.idle | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpu.max | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpu.max.burst | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpuset.cpus | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpuset.cpus.effective | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpuset.cpus.exclusive | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpuset.cpus.exclusive.effective | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpuset.cpus.partition | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpuset.mems | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpuset.mems.effective | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpu.stat | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpu.weight | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:08 cpu.weight.nice | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP center round important > | ||
+ | **Important** - Le répertoire **/ | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | De façon à ce que les deux processus issus des services **foo** et **bar** se font concurrence sur la même CPU, injectez la valeur de **1** dans le fichier **/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# echo " | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
+ | 1 | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ==La Commande cgdelete== | + | <WRAP center round important > |
+ | **Important** - Notez que dans les faits, le contrôleur **cpu** n'est activé **que** dans le cas où le cgroup contient au moins 2 processus qui se font concurrence sur la même CPU. | ||
+ | </ | ||
- | Une fois le script terminé, cette commande permet | + | Mettez en place une limitation des ressources |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | root | + | </code> |
- | root | + | |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# kill 37670 | + | <WRAP center round important > |
+ | **Important** - Dans la commande ci-dessus, le premier nombre est un quota en microsecondes pendant lequel les processus dans le cgroup peuvent s' | ||
+ | </ | ||
- | root@centos8 ~]# ps aux | grep *.sh | + | Ajoutez maintenant les processus des services **foo** et **bar** au cgroup **FooBar** : |
- | root | + | |
- | [1]+ Terminated | + | |
- | [root@centos8 | + | < |
+ | [root@redhat9 | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | ls: cannot access '/ | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | ==Le Fichier / | + | Vérifiez la prise en compte par le système de la commande précédente : |
- | Afin de les rendre persistants, il convient d'éditer le fichier | + | < |
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# cat / | ||
+ | 0::/ | ||
+ | 0::/ | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dernièrement, utilisez la commande **top** pour constater que la consommation de la CPU et limitée à 20% sur l'ensemble des processus du cgroup | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 ~]# vi / | + | top - 14:14:12 up 22: |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# cat / | + | Tasks: 205 total, |
- | # | + | %Cpu(s): |
- | # Copyright IBM Corporation. 2007 | + | MiB Mem : |
- | # | + | MiB Swap: 5120.0 total, 5120.0 free, 0.0 used. |
- | # Authors: | + | |
- | # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | + | PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND |
- | # under the terms of version 2.1 of the GNU Lesser General Public License | + | 81361 root 20 |
- | # as published by the Free Software Foundation. | + | 81448 root 20 |
- | # | + | |
- | # This program is distributed in the hope that it would be useful, but | + | |
- | # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | + | |
- | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. | + | |
- | # | + | |
- | # | + | |
- | # By default, we expect systemd mounts everything on boot, | + | |
- | # so there is not much to do. | + | |
- | # See man cgconfig.conf for further details, how to create groups | + | |
- | # on system boot using this file. | + | |
- | group helloworld2 { | + | |
- | cpu { | + | |
- | cpu.shares = 100; | + | |
- | } | + | |
- | | + | |
- | | + | |
- | } | + | |
- | } | + | |
</ | </ | ||
- | <WRAP center round important 60%> | + | ===5.3 |
- | **Important** | + | |
- | </ | + | |
- | Créez donc les deux CGroups concernés | + | Comme déjà vu, systemd organise |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 ~]# cgcreate -g memory: | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | |
total 0 | total 0 | ||
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 cgroup.clone_children | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.controllers |
- | --w--w----. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 cgroup.event_control | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.events |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 cgroup.procs | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.freeze |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.failcnt | + | --w-------. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.kill |
- | --w--w----. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.force_empty | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.max.depth |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.failcnt | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.max.descendants |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.procs |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.stat |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.slabinfo | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:01 cgroup.subtree_control |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.tcp.failcnt | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.threads |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.tcp.limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cgroup.type |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.tcp.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cpu.idle |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.tcp.usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cpu.max |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.kmem.usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cpu.max.burst |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:05 cpuset.cpus |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:05 cpuset.cpus.effective |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.memsw.failcnt | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:05 cpuset.cpus.exclusive |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.memsw.limit_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:05 cpuset.cpus.exclusive.effective |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.memsw.max_usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:05 cpuset.cpus.partition |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.memsw.usage_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:05 cpuset.mems |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.move_charge_at_immigrate | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:05 cpuset.mems.effective |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.numa_stat | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cpu.stat |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.oom_control | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cpu.weight |
- | ----------. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.pressure_level | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 cpu.weight.nice |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.soft_limit_in_bytes | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 io.bfq.weight |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.stat | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 io.latency |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.swappiness | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 io.max |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.usage_in_bytes | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 io.stat |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 memory.use_hierarchy | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.current |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 notify_on_release | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.events |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:46 tasks | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.events.local |
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.high | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.low | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.max | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.min | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.numa_stat | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.oom.group | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.peak | ||
+ | --w-------. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.reclaim | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.stat | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.swap.current | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.swap.events | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.swap.high | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.swap.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.swap.peak | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.zswap.current | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 memory.zswap.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 pids.current | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 pids.events | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 pids.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 22 15:36 pids.peak | ||
+ | drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 0 Oct 23 14:14 user-1000.slice | ||
+ | drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 0 Oct 22 15:37 user-42.slice | ||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | et les processus d'un utilisateur spécifique dans un slice dénommé **user-UID.slice** : | ||
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 ~]# cgcreate -g cpu: | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | |
total 0 | total 0 | ||
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cgroup.clone_children | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.controllers |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cgroup.procs | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.events |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.stat | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.freeze |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.usage | + | --w-------. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.kill |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.usage_all | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.max.depth |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.usage_percpu | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.max.descendants |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.usage_percpu_sys | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.procs |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.usage_percpu_user | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.stat |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.usage_sys | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 14:01 cgroup.subtree_control |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpuacct.usage_user | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.threads |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpu.cfs_period_us | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cgroup.type |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpu.cfs_quota_us | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 cpu.stat |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpu.rt_period_us | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.current |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpu.rt_runtime_us | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.events |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpu.shares | + | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.events.local |
- | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 cpu.stat | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.high |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 notify_on_release | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.low |
- | -rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jul 13 10:47 tasks | + | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.max |
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.min | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.numa_stat | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.oom.group | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.peak | ||
+ | --w-------. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.reclaim | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.stat | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.swap.current | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.swap.events | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.swap.high | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.swap.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.swap.peak | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.zswap.current | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 memory.zswap.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 pids.current | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 pids.events | ||
+ | -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 pids.max | ||
+ | -r--r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 pids.peak | ||
+ | drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 0 Oct 23 12:40 session-2395.scope | ||
+ | drwxr-xr-x. 5 trainee trainee 0 Oct 23 12:45 user@1000.service | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ==La Commande cgconfigparser== | + | De ce fait, il est possible d' |
- | Appliquez le contenu du fichier **/ | + | ==CPU== |
< | < | ||
- | [root@centos8 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 | + | |
- | 36864 | + | [root@redhat9 |
- | [root@centos8 ~]# cat / | + | 40000 100000 |
- | 100 | + | |
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Mémoire== | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# systemctl set-property user-1000.slice MemoryMax=1G | ||
+ | |||
+ | [root@redhat9 ~]# cat / | ||
+ | 1073741824 | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP center round important > | ||
+ | **Important** - Notez que l' | ||
+ | </ | ||
----- | ----- | ||
Copyright © 2024 Hugh Norris. | Copyright © 2024 Hugh Norris. |